雞籠中元祭之傳統及其當代轉化之探討

Study on the Tradition ＆ Contemporary Transformation of Ghost Festival in Keelung

曾子良(Tsu-Liang Tzeng)

《海洋文化學刊》 1期 (2005/12) Pp. 37-66

https://doi.org/10.29473/OCJ.200512.0004

摘要

咸豐5年（1855），雞籠仕紳提議以賽陣頭的方式代替打破頭，由宗親會輪流主普以化解漳泉械鬥的陋習，這一深具睿智的民俗改革，實施至今已歷150年，不因政權改變，或天災動亂而停辦，形成具有民俗特色的「雞籠中元祭」。然而，隨著傳統民俗技藝，尤其是北管的式微，以及社會環境的轉變、國外藝文表演團體的引進等，對這項最具基隆特色的傳統民俗活動，難免造成衝擊。在轉化的過程中該如何規劃？使它能夠保存傳統意義，而不失創新，以因應社會脈動，發展觀光，是大家必須面對的課題。本文根據文獻探討，以及個人實際觀察所得，提出淺見，俾供往後辦理之參考。

關鍵字

中元祭 ； 雞籠中元祭 ； 基隆中元祭 ； 基隆民俗

並列摘要

In 1855 (the 5th year under the reign of Emperor Hsien Feng of Ching Dynasty), the elites of Keelung (Rooster Coop) proposed a peaceful way of competition in religious parade to stop the clashes between the people from Changchow and Chuanchow. Each family sect officiated in turn each at the parade. Until today this wise custom reformation has been incessantly followed for 150 years, never being once called off because of the change of reigning government or by any disasters of both natural and human origin. It becomes a cultural heritage with full flavor of local traditions-Ghost Festival in Keelung (rooster coop). However, such folk activities, full of Keelung's unique features, cannot resist against the gradual vanishment of traditional folk art's, especially the Northern Guan、the change of social environment and the participation of foreign art performance groups. It becomes an important subject for everybody to figure out a way that can not only keep its traditional meaning but also be full of innovation in order to cope with the social changes and to promote tourism. This paper was prepared on records, literature and results of my personal observation. I hereby present it, as humble as it may be, for the reference of coming organization of parade.

並列關鍵字

Ghost festival ； Ghost festival in rooster coop ； Keelung ghost festival ； Keelung folklore