海洋議題融入語文領域之教材研究

「十二年國民基本教育課程綱要」在108學年度自各學習階段逐年開始實施。由於新課綱強調核心素養的培育，而素養又與世界公民之養成所應該了解的重要議題極度相關，因此，新課綱明列十九項議題，以期融入各學習領域之教學，強化與社會的關注和連結。其中，海洋教育更列入四項重大議題之一，足見海洋意識的涵養對於身處四面環海的臺灣學生而言，具有其價值意義。本文乃立基議題融入之教育趨勢，以辭章學為學理依據，分析海洋教育議題在語文領域的教材編纂情況與篇章文本分析。研究發現，海洋題材的課文在各版本語文教材皆有選編，並集中在第二學習階段較多。其主題軸歸屬以海洋休閒、海洋生態、海洋文化居多，海洋社會較少，題材的廣度也待擴充。在學習目標上，則多能扣合親海、愛海、知海的部訂目標。在海洋文學特性方面，這些海洋詩文能透過多元的自然景物、人工物材、事件素材等，運用空間推移、時間先後、正反對舉、敘事議論、因果或總分關係等不同的章法，將豐富有味的內容組織成篇，傳達出具有情、理、美等特質的海洋意象。

關鍵字

海洋教育；語文教學；議題融入；文本分析；辭章學

並列摘要

Since the implementation of ＂Curriculum Guidelines of 12-Year Basic Education＂ in 2019, the core competencies and issue integrating has become the focus of education. Due to the close relationship between core competencies and issues, there are 19 issues newly adopted in the documents of new national curriculum, including 4 crucial ones. One of which is ＂Marine Education＂. This article aims to analyze the marine issue in Chinese teaching materials and texts with a theoretical foundation based on the study of literary work. This study shows: 1) marine texts published in three versions, especially will more tests in middle grades of elementary school. 2) There are more subjects in marine leisure, ecology, and culture were more than in marine society. The subject-matter area needs to be broadened as well. 3) The topics of marine texts fit in with the learning objective of embracing, loving, and understanding the ocean. 4) In terms of literature characteristics, the marine thematic texts in the Mandarin textbooks can represent ocean image in sentiment, reason, and aesthetic styles through using natural or artificial objects and matters. Those texts was organized with the structure of space and time arrangement, positive and negative, description and comment, cause and effect, general and specific, and so on.