港埠風華再現？港口城市的經濟角色

Would the Port Regain its Past Glory? The Port-City Relationships in Taiwan Ports

黃幼宜(Huang, Yo-Yi) ； 張淑滿(Chang, Shu-Man)

《海洋文化學刊》 31期 (2021/12) Pp. 1-44

摘要

台灣高度依賴貿易。高雄和基隆兩港在1980年是全球第三和第七大港口。隨生產全球化和中國港口磁吸下，港口和城市榮景不再。文獻較少論及港口與城市關聯，本文旨在分析港口城市的經濟關係，使用投入產出法分析近20年來高雄及基隆地區經濟發展，探究過去發展港埠產業對於所得和就業等經濟面影響。我們發現：港埠產業對兩地確為重要產業。此外，高雄充分利用港口優勢發展工業，當港口競爭力弱化，製造業反過來支撐港口，呈現高雄港口城市多軌並行模式。反觀，基隆則是依附港埠產業港口城市關係。海運對基隆之國民所得影響層面最大，加上位處亞洲樞紐位置，隨著近年郵輪停泊艘數及遊客數日益增加，或可成為再活絡基隆港口與城市經濟發展之方向之一。

關鍵字

港口城市 ； 產業關聯分析 ； 所得乘數 ； 就業乘數

並列摘要

With the rapid economic growth in Taiwan during the 1970s-80s, the ports of Keelung and Kaohsiung had become the third and seventh largest ports in the world. However, the once-thriving seaports are shrinking today. The crisis is a result of the magnetic effect induced by Chinese ports under the trend of production globalization. Little attention in the related literature has been paid on the economic role for port-based economy. This paper aims to examine how the economic role of port-city affects employment, port-related industries, and inter-industry connections. Our main findings are as follows: First, port-based sectors have relatively high production- and earning-inducing effects. Second, Kaohsiung plays an important role in the government's export-driven economic strategy. By contrast , Keelung clings to the mono-port based economy. Finally, Kaohsiung has showed the port-city complementarity. Meanwhile, Keelung has to cope with declining port-based industries and explore its new roles. While cruise tourism is rapidly booming in Asia Pacific, the development of cruise service in Keelung Port maybe regain the past glory.

並列關鍵字

Port-City ； Inter-Industry Linkages ； Earning-Induced Effect ； Employment Induced Effect

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