閩南語和客家話的“量詞”－與國語比較

'The Measure Word' of the Southern Min Language and Hakka-Compare with Mandarin

邱湘雲(Hsiang-Yun Chiu)

《玄奘人文學報》 7期 (2007/07) Pp. 175-206

https://doi.org/10.29956/HCHJ.200707.0007

摘要

「量詞」結構是漢藏語言一大特色，漢語量詞除了「計量」這一主要功能以外還有「分類」及「修飾」等重要功能。不同時代、不同的族群各自有其獨特使用的詞彙，量詞選用還反映出詞彙背後不同的文化背景及認知機制，方言和標準語的詞彙使用是否有別？中本文將探討臺灣閩南及客家方言的量詞表現，先由漢語量詞的發展史看起，其次比較閩南語和客家話與國語的量詞結構在詞彙用字、語法結構及語用功能上的異同，之後再找出閩南語和客家話的特殊量詞，藉此凸顯閩南客家方言詞彙的特色所在。

關鍵字

量詞 ； 閩南語 ； 客家話 ； 方言 ； 國語

並列摘要

The structure of 'the measure word' is a great characteristic in Chinese, besides 'measure' function, Chinese measure word have enother function, sush as' classify' and 'modify', etc. The exertion of different measure words reflects different culture background and cognitive mechanism behind vocabularies. This text probes into the measure words of the southern Min language and Hakka, seen by the developing history of Chinese measure word first, secondly compare the southern Mm language and Hakka measure word and Mandarin measure word in vocabulary displaying, inside structure and outside function, later found out the special measure words of the southern Min language and Hakka, probed into its difference in principle of cognition further, prominent the characteristic place of the southern Min language and Hakka measure word.

並列關鍵字

Measure word ； the southern Min language ； Hakka ； dialect ； Chinese ； Mandarin