大學生使用筆記型電腦之肌肉骨骼不適和人因風險因子之調查

Investigation of Musculoskeletal Discomfort and Ergonomic Risk Factors for Notebook Computer User among University Students

吳水丕(Swei-Pi Wu) ； 吳泓樞(Hung-Shu Wu) ； 廖敏宇(Min-Yu Liao) ； 陳弘(Hung Chen)

《工作與休閒學刊》 4卷1期 (2013/10) Pp. 19-31

https://doi.org/10.6848/JWL.201310_4(1).0002

摘要

個人電腦在目前的工作場所中已相當普及。很多大學生在非桌上裝置的情況下，使用筆記型電腦和平板電腦，其帶來對肌肉骨骼的不適可能比一般桌上型的電腦使用者更為嚴重。也因此本研究特別針對大學生使用筆記型電腦可能帶來的不良效應與以探討。共有150位大學生參與NMQ問卷調查，其中男性為95位，女性為55位，資料經收集分析後發現大學生使用筆記型電腦不適盛行率為55.3%，其不適部位以頸部最高（36 %），其次分別為眼睛（31 %）、右肩膀（27 %）、右手肘（14 %）、腰部（13%）、左肩膀（12 %）和右手指（8 %）。由基本資料和不適率之間的卡方檢定發現姿勢、年齡、有無伸展運動、電腦尺寸、使用年數以及每週使用的天數等與不適率有關。進一步分析這幾個因素與各部位關係後發現：（1）年齡與眼睛和右手指不適有關；（2）電腦尺寸與右手肘和左右手腕不適有顯著相關；（3）使用年數與左肩、下背／腰部、右手肘、左右手腕不適有顯著相關；（4）每週使用天數與眼睛、頸部、上背和右手指不適有顯著相關。此外，小筆電對右手腕的不適率均有顯著性的影響，而不正常的操作姿勢（仰臥、趴著、單手拿小筆電）等，對於不適率均有顯著性的影響。

關鍵字

非桌上型電腦 ； 筆記型電腦 ； NMQ問卷 ； 肌肉骨骼不適

並列摘要

Portable computers are broadly used in the workplace nowadays. A large number of college students use notebooks or tablets in non-desktop settings. It tends to cause them more musculoskeletal disorders than to the desktop users. The purpose of this study is to research the negative effects that portable computers bring to the college students.There were 150 college students including 95 males and 55 females answered the NMQ. After analyzing the collected data it is found the prevalence of computer-related disorders reaches 55.3% among those college students who use portable computers. The respondents might suffer one or more problems. Among the disorders neck injury is on the top rank with a percentage of 36%, followed by the vision problem 31%, right shoulder 27%, right elbow 14%, waist 13%, left shoulder 12%, and right hand fingers 8%. Through the Chi-square test on the basic data and the prevalence of the discomfort it is concluded that those musculoskeletal disorders are positively correlated with computer using posture, age, with or without stretching exercise, the size of the computer and the duration of usage. Further analyzing the factors and the regional musculoskeletal problems has resulted in four findings. First, there is significant association between age and right hand fingers injury and eye vision. Second, the size of computer has expressive impact on the discomfort on right elbow and both wrists. Third, the disorders on left shoulder, lower back or waist, right elbow, and both wrists are closely related to the number of years of computer using. Fourth, vision problem and discomfort on neck, back and left hand fingers are associated with the number of days using a computer per week. Furthermore, all the portable computers have major impacts on the discomfort on the right wrist. Poor posture such as lying on back or tummy, or holding the computer with a single hand is positively relevant to the musculoskeletal disorders as well.

並列關鍵字

non-desktop computer ； notebook computer ； Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire ； musculoskeletal disorder

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