電子業從業人員職業性肌肉骨骼不適之盛行率與危險因子調查

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Occupational Musculoskeletal Discomforts in Electronic Workers

蕭淑銖(Judith Shu-Chu Shiao) ； 陳秋蓉(Chiou-Jong Chen) ； 杜宗禮(Donald Du) ； 郭育良(Yue-Liang Leon Guo)

《中華職業醫學雜誌》 3卷3期 (1996/07) Pp. 111-118

https://doi.org/10.30027/CJOM.199607.0003

摘要

電子從業人員因工作而引起肌肉骨骼不適情形時有所聞。截至今日，對於此類問題的發生與職業暴露相互關係之認識仍相當有限。本研究的主要目的便是瞭解造成此類問題之可能因素與其表現型態，並進一步探討其預防之道。我們共完成2036位任職於大型工廠之電子業從業人員的問卷調查。結果顯示高達66.36%（1351人）的受訪者自訴有肌肉骨骼不適情形；其中69.36%（937人）出現問題的個案都認為可能是因工作而引起的。不適的部位依次為肩膀、頸部、下背部、手腕及上背部等；症狀則以酸、疼痛為主。而插件、每天抓握或捏起物品的時間、操作振動性物品的時間、坐著的時間以及光線不足或視力不佳等均為導致肌肉骨骼不適的主要因素。其中，又以光線不足或視力不佳造成肌肉骨骼不適的指數為最高。因此建議工廠應加強作業環境的照明設備，並督促從業人員確實使用，以減少工作者因光線不足而產生過度低頭、彎腰等不自然的姿勢。對於那些須經常採取特定姿勢或動作的工作者，能定期輪調其他工作，以降低重覆性工作傷害的發生率。

關鍵字

重覆性工作傷害 ； 肌肉骨骼不適

並列摘要

Occupational musculoskeletal discomforts are often seen in electronic workers, since some static, sedentary, repetitive, and uncomfortable work may be involved in this industry. However, investigation regarding the prevalence and risk factors of occupational musculoskeletal discomforts in electronic workers in Taiwan Area has been limited. The purpose of this study is to identify the prevalence, types and risk factors of musculoskeletal discomforts in electronics workers. We completed 2036 questionnaire interviews on workers from 5 large electronic factories. The results show high prevalence of musculoskeletal discomforts in 1351 (66.36%) subjects. Among them, 937 (69.36%) workers believe the situation is work-related. The chief complaints are soreness and pain on shoulder, neck, low back, wrist, and upper back. Manipulation of small objects, duration of grasping/pinching movements of a working day, duration of handling vibratory tools, duration of sitting, and insufficient lighting on work sites are the major risk factors of occupational musculoskeletal discomforts. We therefore suggest that all factories should facilatate sufficient lighting on work sites, as well as to ensure the workers' proper utilization of these equipments. For those whose work require repetitive motions or postures that may cause discomfort, we suggest them to take work-rotation, in order to reduce cumulative trauma injury.

並列關鍵字

Cumulative Trauma Discomforts: CTD ； Musculoskeletal Disorders