礁溪風華―有關台灣宜蘭縣礁溪鄕社會經濟發展的歷史人類學實地研究報告

在漢人開發台灣過程中，宜蘭是比較晚近開發的地方。十八世紀後半，漢人方才入墾宜蘭。1812年正式成爲中國的一個行政單位「噶瑪蘭廳」。礁溪原是乾溪流「沒有水的河流」，又加上有「溫泉」，不利於種植水稻，以致早期的移民不屑一顧。可是，清末的地方官員由於嚮往孔門弟子「浴乎沂，風乎舞雩」的文化傳統，到礁溪洗溫泉浴。這就是礁溪溫泉事業的發端。日據時期，日本人依照他們喜好泡湯的習俗，在這裡建立旅社、澡堂和俱樂部。這些設施在二次戰末期，都被美軍炸毀。光復後，溫泉業隨著台灣的經濟發展而慢慢的復興，到了1980年代，達到最高峰。那時宜蘭的養鰻業發達，又在海邊捕捉鰻魚苗，利市百倍。到了九○年代，養鰻業外移，鰻魚苗的收入也大幅減少，台灣整體的經濟也在同一時期下滑，礁溪的溫泉業不得不轉型成「國民旅遊」。

關鍵字

礁溪溫泉；色情行業；養鰻事業；國民旅遊

並列摘要

In the colonial process of Han-Chinese in Taiwan, I-lan was late Since the last half of the 18(superscript th) century, Han-Chinese had cultivated this area. In 1812, the Ching dynasty set the officials as a county The location of Fo-Guang University is Jiao-xi, means ”dry river”. But there is hot spring. Chinese officials favored the hot spring from a point of view of Confucianism. In the Analogue of Confucianism, it was a good thing to take a bath in the river and then dancing on the altars. Therefore local officials took a bath in the hot spring of Jiao-xi in the end of 19(superscript th) century. In the Japanese Colonial period, Japanese also favored the hot spring bath. They established bath club and several hostels to provide hot spring for visitors bathing. But those bath club and hostels were boomed in 1944-1945 by US Airforce in word war Ⅱ. It was the peak of hot spring mixed with feasting and girls in 1970s. Due to the fishing business was booming, I-lan fishers got extra incomes for capturing the baby-elms. They spent their extra income for drinking and dancing in Jiao-xi karaoke places with girls. In 1990s, many elm cultivators moved to Viet-Nen or China, economy of I-lan was getting worse, hot-spring and karaoke business would be hurted. Now the holder of Jiao-xi hot spring hotels fry to find a new way for survive.