美國公共部門資金資助職業運動場館議題之探討

The Exploration of Public Subsidies on Professional Sports in the United States

林家宏 ； 黃惠貞

《屏東教大體育》 15期 (2012/06) Pp. 421-429

摘要

北美的職業運動團隊請求公部門資金挹注到興建運動場館的個案愈來愈多；而在公部門資金挹注到運動場館之議題上出現兩極化的看法，此議題亦持續引起學者之爭論。目的：以充實國內運動管理領域關於職業運動團隊請求公部門資金挹注到興建運動場館之議題進行探討。方法：透過相關文獻整理與分析，利用支持者與反對者在不同觀點上的爭論進行探討，包括：經濟效益的影響、提升城市能見度、強化城市形象、其他方面發展的提升、精神所得、職業運動團隊的富有刻板印象、機會成本、公平性議題及政治力量等。結論：統整眾家學者針對公部門資金挹注的解釋，不外乎是從經濟層面（經濟效益、精神所得、機會成本）、社會層面（提升城市能見度、強化城市形象）、產業未來發展性（鄰近地區的發展、互補性發展）及社會公平（職業運動的刻板印象、公平性議題、政治力量）法則來加以考量，並針對過去公部門資金對於興建職業運動場館的發展性進行優劣勢的說明。

關鍵字

職業運動 ； 運動場館 ； 公共部門資金

並列摘要

An increasing cases in which professional sports organizations asked for public funding for construction of facilities were found in north America. However, the opinions regarding the issue of public funding for construction of facilities were extremely diverse, leading to considerable discussions in the field of sport management. The present paper was to explore this issue from opponents' and proponents' perspective. The viewpoints included economic impact, the visibility of the city, city image, other developments, psychic income, stereotype of professional sports, opportunity costs, equity issue, and political issues. The current review not only aimed to enrich the literature in the field of sport management, but also attempted to provide government with valuable information.

並列關鍵字

Professional sports ； Sports facility ； Public Subsidy