配合中高齡勞工的身心功能進行職務再設計

Job Redesign and Workplace Improvement for Aging Workers

紀佳芬(C. F. Chi) ； 陳進隆(C. L. Chen)

《人因工程學刊》 1卷1期 (1999/03) Pp. 95-101

https://doi.org/10.6273/JES.1999.1(1).09

摘要

由於人體在許多方面都會因年齡的增加而退化，加上大多數人對中高齡勞工的負面偏見，使中高齡勞工在就業、職業訓練與升遷等方面遭受不平等待遇。在許多老化所引起的改變中，只有感官能力、資訊處理與記憶力、體力與肌力以及行動速度與工作績效最有相關。然而並非每一類型的工作都需要運用敏銳的感官能力或是以很快的速度反應，而且中高齡勞工累積了過去的工作經驗，可以彌補老化所引起的負面影響，甚至於在處理較複雜的問題與社交事務上超越較年青的勞工，若能配合中高齡勞工的身心功能特性進行職務再設計與工作環境改善，可以提升中高齡勞工的作業績效並避免職災。因此，本研究探討中高齡勞工身心功能與職業能力，提出進行職務再設計與工作環境改善的原則，提供給業者參考以改善現有之工作場所。

關鍵字

中高齡勞工 ； 職務再設計

並列摘要

Discrimination against aging workers has been found in many work places due to the gradual decrease in mental and physical capacities of aging workers and the prejudice hold by most workers and employers. Human beings age in many perspectives, among them, sensory capabilities, information processing and memory, muscle strength and physical capacity, slowing in reaction are critical in job performance. However, not every job requires precise judgment by sensory organs or performing in high speed, most aging workers can compensate their deficiencies by strategies developed from accumulated job experiences. Very often, aging workers perform better in complex problem solving and social relationships. If jobs and workplace can be redesigned to fit the physical and mental capacities of aging workers, productivity can be improved and more occupational accidents can be prevented. Therefore, this research reviewed the physical and mental capacities of aging workers and came out with principles and examples for job redesign and workplace improvement which can be adopted by employers to improve the workplace.

並列關鍵字

aging workers ； job redesign