負重移動角度、抬舉高度及頻率對國人非對稱拾舉能力影響之研究

The Effects of Loading Moving Angles, Lifting Heights and Frequencies on Asymmetrical Lifting Abilities of Taiwanese

何正斌(Cheng-Pin Ho) ； 蔡秉昇(Ping-Sheng Tsai)

《人因工程學刊》 7卷2期 (2005/10) Pp. 93-103

摘要

本研究旨在探討負重移動角度、抬舉高度及頻率對非對稱抬舉能力之影響。NIOSH(1991)所推演的抬舉公式中針對非對稱抬舉作業只考慮負重與矢狀面間的角度，意即無論負重位於軀幹左側或右側，只要扭轉角度相同其抬舉能力就相同，此與Marras和Davis(1998)的研究中利用生物力學法所推論的結果不同。因此本研究利用心物法針對一小時工作時間，探討身體軀幹左右扭轉角度、抬舉高度與頻率對於抬舉能力的效應。實驗結果發現(1)非對稱抬舉作業中，負重移動角度、抬舉高度與頻率對受試者所決定的最大可接受抬舉重量具有顯著效應，且受試者所決定之MAWL值隨抬舉高度與頻率增加而降低。此外在負重移動角度方面以0°爲最大，其次爲45°與-45°，而以90°與-90°抬舉作業爲最低；(2)國人非對稱抬舉下降比例遠小於西方人；(3)非對稱抬舉作業之抬舉高度與頻率對受試者之心搏率有顯著效應，但不同負重移動角度對心搏率則並無顯著效應；(4)在非對稱抬舉作業中，負重移動角度、抬舉高度與頻率對受試者主觀知覺具有顯著差異。

關鍵字

非對稱抬舉能力 ； 心理物理法 ； 最大可接受抬舉重量 ； 負重移動角度

並列摘要

The aim of the study was to explore the effects of loading moving angles, lifting height and frequency on asymmetric lifting abilities. NIOSH (1991) lifting equation only adopted the asymmetric angles as a discount factor to overcome the loss due to asymmetric lifting no matter what the loading was placed at porters’ left side or right side the truck. Marras and Davis (1998) showed different conclusions using biomechanical approach. Hence, the study adopted psychophysical approach to simulate one hour working time of lifting task and discuss the effects of body's twisting angles, lifting height and frequency on asymmetrical lifting abilities. The study shows that the MAWLs were significant affect by loading moving angles, lifting height and frequency. The maximum MAWLs incurred when the loading moving angle was 0°, then -45° and 45°, and the minimum MAWLs happened at -90° and 90°. The study also showed the MAWLs decrease as lifting height and frequency increase. The reduced rate of MAWL owing to asymmetrical lifting is smaller when compares with Occident people. We also show that HR was significant affected by lifting heights and frequencies. However, the effect of loading moving angles on heart rate was not significant. In addition, the effects of loading moving angles, lifting height and frequencies on RPE were also significant.

並列關鍵字

Asymmetrical Lifting Ability ； Psychophysics ； Maximum Acceptable Weight of Lift ； Loading Moving Angle