在按重量計酬制度下搬運工人八小時實際抬舉行為模式分析

Eight Hours Actual Lifting Behavior for Porters under the Pay-by-weight Rewarding System

何正斌(C. P. Ho) ； 王研儒(Y. R. Wang) ； 張修維(S. W. Chang)

《人因工程學刊》 10卷1期 (2008/05) Pp. 1-9

https://doi.org/10.6273/JES.2008.10(1).01

摘要

本研究旨在探討在按重量計酬制度下搬運工人八小時實際抬舉行爲模式分析，當工人在進行實際的人工物料搬運作業時，搬運行爲會視身體情況來調整其工作頻率與重量，而產生不同的變化情形，此與心物法實驗中以固定頻率去調整可接受重量的狀況不同。本研究共計徵募6位有搬運經驗之男性受試者進行八小時實際抬舉作業（資料全記錄）及二種心物法重估抬舉重量作業，求得八小時抬舉行爲模式、最大可接受抬舉重量(MAWL)及最大哥接受抬舉頻率(MALF)。本研究發現八小時實際抬舉作業中，不同時段對平均抬舉頻率、平均抬舉總重量、平均抬舉總次數皆有顯著影響，其中以第一、第五小時較大，並隨著時間增加而減少。利用心物法所重估的每分鐘平均抬舉負重（MAWL×實際抬舉作業之平均抬舉頻率、MALF×實際抬舉作業之最後時間點抬舉重量）皆高於實驗抬舉作業之每分鐘平均抬舉負重（總抬舉重量／480分鐘)，而心物法求得之主觀知覺評量(RPE)與實際抬舉作業相比則有低估的情形。

關鍵字

按重量計酬制度 ； 實際抬舉行爲 ； 心物法

並列摘要

The purpose of the study is to investigate the actual 8 hour lifting behavior of MMH porters under the pay-by-weight rewarding system. When workers perform MMH activities, they will adjust their behavior according to their body conditions, thus produce different results. This is different from the adjustment of acceptable weight with fixed frequency in the psychophysical experiment. In order to investigate the actual lifting behavior, 6 male subjects with MMH experience performed 8 hours actual lifting activities. Two Psychophysical experiments were conducted to decide the maximum acceptable weight of lifting (MAWL) and maximum acceptable lifting frequency (MALF). The study shows that the different hours had significant influence on the average frequency, total lifting weight and counts. The first hour and fifth hour of those criteria are highest. Besides that, while the time increases the average results decrease. Psychophysics determined the average lifting load per minute (MAWL×average lifting frequency, MALF×the final lifting weight) have been overestimated in the actual lifting activities (total weight/480minutes) but the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) have been underestimated.

並列關鍵字

Pay-by-weight rewarding system ； Actual lifting behavior ； Psychophysical approach