Art therapy has been brought to Taiwan more than 20 years. This article reviews current art therapy practices in educational and medical institutes in Taiwan, where art therapy is most widely applied. We report how recent developments in neuroscience and computer technology have led art therapy research in novel directions and transformed it into an interdisciplinary field. We also analyze the challenges art therapists face in Taiwan under the influence of globalization, and suggest therapists should increase their cultural awareness. We strongly feel that Taiwanese society should include more art therapists into community programs for mental health enhancement, and make art therapy become accessible to the general Taiwanese population in addition to groups with special needs who seek relief from medical problems.