以嵌塊體形狀指數與統計方法於埤塘景觀變遷之研究

Patch Shape Indices and Statistical Method in the Study of Landscape Change of Irrigation Pond

林裕彬(Yu-Pin Lin) ； 鄧東波(Tung-Po Teng) ； 鄭瑞鈞(Jui-Chun Cheng)

《私立中國文化大學地理研究報告》 13期 (2000/05) Pp. 95-125

https://doi.org/10.7110/RGS.200005.0095

摘要

桃園台地因特殊地理環境與農業灌溉所需，發展出大小各類的埤塘，並成爲桃園台地上特殊之農業景觀。本研究以南崁溪及坑子溪兩河流廊道將研究區分爲北、中、南三區，並以無母數統計方法及嵌塊體形狀指數探討蘆竹鄉埤塘景觀時空變遷。研究結果顯示埤塘在蘆竹鄉形成的過程中雖受環境因子所限制，但人爲影響之因素仍然明顯。且直方圖及常態檢定結果顯示，於1904年及1921年受人爲影響較小於地理環境，而於1966年至1993年受人爲影響則趨於明顯。空間分佈分析結果顯示蘆竹鄉之北、中兩區之埤塘嵌塊體之特性較爲接近，但因土地利用轉型於1993年北、中、南三區之埤塘分佈趨於相似；埤塘面積與周長於時間變化趨於一致，各區埤塘嵌塊體面積、周長及D指數於1966年後趨於相同分佈。且埤塘景觀之變遷充份顯現蘆竹地區之發展趨勢。

關鍵字

景觀生態學 ； 嵌塊體 ； 埤塘 ； 無母數統計方法

並列摘要

The landscape of irrigation ponds is the typical agriculture landscape around Tauyan mesa in Taiwan due to the special geographical environments and the needs of irrigation types. The purpose of this study is to analyze the landscape change of the irrigation ponds of Luchu area using nonparametric statistics method and patch shape index. The study area was divided into northern, central and southern parts by two corridors, Nakan and Kanzee Rivers. The results show that although the development of irrigation ponds was limited by the factors of natural environment, the human impact also obviously dominated in the development process over this study area. Moreover, the histograms and normal test results indicate that while the human impact had little influence in the development process from 1904 to 1921, it became larger than the influence of geophysical environments from 1966 to 1993. The spatial analysis and nonparametric test results illustrate that due to elevation and human-maid effect the northern and central parts had similar characteristics on the irrigation-pond patches. Furthermore, the characteristics of pond patches over these three parts of this study area became similar due to the increasing of human impact after 1966. The landscape change of irrigation ponds fully illustrated the development of this study area.

並列關鍵字

Landscape Ecology ； Patch ； Pond ； Nonparametric statistic