接受美學觀照下的詩歌藝術塑形──以許悔之〈白蛇傳〉為例

Using reception aesthetic to observe the molding of poetry art: ＂poem of White Snake＂, written by Hui Jhih, Syu as an example

黃宏文(Hung-Wen Huang)

《育達科大學報》 42期 (2016/04) Pp. 193-211

摘要

白蛇傳說故事（以下簡稱白蛇傳）流傳的時間甚長，在廣袤的時空中，亦發展出小說、戲劇、詩歌藝術等。但相關的研究多聚焦於白蛇傳的流傳與發展、不同文本的內容、情節、人物、主題等差異的分析和比較，而白蛇傳在接受美學的討論與應用上則較少見。本研究擬藉由接受美學的部份觀點和理論，對現代作家許悔之的〈白蛇說〉進行文本研究，析論白蛇傳由古發展至〈白蛇說〉此一塑形過程當中產生的變異，探討其在接受美學觀照下究竟呈現何等特殊意蘊。本研究論述的要點，其一是在接受美學視角審視之下，發現〈白蛇說〉對於白蛇傳主角的描繪，與過往的傳統形象有所出入，例如有同性戀、女性意識昂揚等；其二是〈白蛇說〉所描述的內容情節及其所衍生的意義、情味，超乎閱聽者的期待視界，並不斷促成新的期待視界之產生。其三是接受美學「文本召喚結構」之下產生的「空白」與「補白」，促使作者和閱聽者對白蛇傳進行接受和轉化，形成文本的再創造，像是情欲表露的書寫、性別意識的轉化，都為白蛇故事增添了嶄新的色彩，形成有益於傳播及發展的良好條件，足見白蛇傳說故事歷久彌新，普受喜愛和接受。

關鍵字

白蛇傳 ； 許悔之 ； 白蛇說 ； 接受美學

並列摘要

The romance about White Snake (＂story of White Snake＂ for short) spreads for quite a long time. It had developed into many forms of novel, opera, and art of poetry. Most of related studies focused on the spreading and development of the story of White Snake and compared the differences in the content, plot, figure, theme between different texts. There were quite few discussion and application to the story of White Snake using reception aesthetic. This study used point of views and theories of reception aesthetic to study the text of ＂poem of White Snake＂ written by a modern writer Hui Jhih, Syu. In the process of molding from ＂story of White Snake＂ to ＂poem of White Snake＂ some variations produced. We used reception aesthetic to observe the particular meaning. The study focused on three phases. The first phase, using reception aesthetic to observe we found the description of important figures in ＂poem of White Snake＂ were different from those of ＂tory of White Snake＂, such as homosexuality, high-spirited woman’s rights…etc. The second phase, the plot and the meaning derived from ＂poem of White Snake＂ exceeded the sight of expectation of audience, and then new sight of expectation was produced continually. The third phase, reception aesthetic produced the effects of ＂blanks＂ and ＂fill gaps＂ under ＂inventing structure of text＂. They promoted author and audience to receive the molding from ＂story of White Snake＂ to ＂poem of White Snake＂, and leaded recreation of the texts in the fields such as sexual passion and improvement of woman’s rights. All of them increased brand new contents of ＂story of White Snake＂ and supplied lots of good conditions for the propagation and development. That is why the story of White Snake is popular all the time.

並列關鍵字

story of White Snake ； Syu Hui Jhih ； poem of White Snake ； reception aesthetic

參考文獻

王麗麗：《歷史‧交流‧反應：接受美學的理論遞嬗》（北京：北京大學出版社，2014 年 5 月 25 日）。

朱立元：《接受美學》（上海：上海人民出版社，1989 年）。

朱立元等著：《西方美學通史‧二十世紀美學（下）‧接受美學》（上海：上海文藝出版社，1999 年12 月）。

李昉：《太平廣記》（北京：中華書局，1994 年 4 月 5 刷）。

辛鬱，白靈主編：《八十四年詩選》（臺北：現代詩季刊社，1996 年）。