卜者寓言研究

The Study on Diviners' Fables

林佑靜(Yu-Ching Lin)

《育達科大學報》 48期 (2020/06) Pp. 255-275

摘要

卜算占筮向來在一般人民中具有一定神祕程度與莫名的信賴，自先秦開始，即有寓言故事將卜者納入情節發展裡。人物雖以虛構居多，卻可顯現出此種角色所代表的象徵意義。本文從寓言中分析，首先歸納出卜者的正、負面特質以及在寓言中所欲闡述的意義；其次分析主題思想，探討求神問卜者的心理狀態、生命境遇以及自主意識。問者一方面想改善現況或預測未來，因此尋求卜者的協助，所提出的疑問又和自身境遇有所關聯，希望尋求慰藉或解決方式；而卜者的建議，問者自己則有自主意識決定是否要去做。最後，分析情節結構，作者如何運用文體本身的特性、設計結構、如何安排對話進行來揭露寓意。本論文探討得知，卜者在寓言中多以負面特質出現，藉以凸顯寓意，刺激問者思考。卜者雖具有「指點迷津」之用，但卜筮之說頂多作為安頓身心的慰療劑，真正決斷仍靠問者自我分析。

關鍵字

卜者 ； 寓言

並列摘要

Most people generally have a certain mysterious degree and inexplicable trust in divination. Since the pre-Qin Dynasty, there have been diviners as characters in fables. Although they are mostly fictional, they can show the symbolic meanings represented by such characters. The analysis of this thesis is based on the fables. Firstly, the author sums up the positive and negative qualities of the diviners, and the meanings wants to elaborate in the fables. Secondly, the author analyzes the theme and explores the psychological state, life situation and self-awareness of the askers. The askers ask diviners for help to improve their current life or want to predict their future. They raise the questions related to their own situation. They hope to feel comfortable or get solutions from diviners' answers; otherwise, they decide whether to follow diviners' suggestions on their own self-awareness. Finally, the author analyzes the plot structure: how the writers of fables use the characteristics of the style itself to design the plot structure, and how to arrange dialogues to reveal the meanings of the fables.

並列關鍵字

Diviner ； Fable

參考文獻

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