台湾における幼児日本語教育の実態調查－新竹の幼稚園を一例として－

台灣幼兒日語教育實施現狀之調查研究－以新竹某家幼兒園為例－｜Survey of Early Childhood Japanese Language Education in Taiwan : Case Study of a Kindergarten in Hsinchu

戶川美惠子(Mieko Tokawa)

《育達科大學報》 51期 (2023/06) Pp. 69-95

摘要

台湾における日本語学習者は、高等教育機関と中等教育機関での学習者が大半であるが、僅かながら幼児も存在する。台湾において一般的とは言えない幼児日本語教育であるが、現状はどのようなものであるか、その実態を調査し、今後、どのように展開していけるのかを探りたいが、本稿では、幼児日本語教育を行っている教育機関や補習班が極めて少ない地域である新竹において日本語教育を行っている幼稚園の幼児の保護者と日本語教師等を対象に、子供に日本語を学ばせる目的、幼児たちの日本語学習への反応、教師の指導方法、問題点等についてアンケート調査を行い、その結果を基に考察を行った。調査対象の幼稚園に通う幼児の保護者の大半は、「子供に多言語を学習させたい」、「多言語学習は脳の発達に良い」、「子供に国際理解をさせ、異文化交流に興味を持たせたい」といった理由により、子女に日本語を学ばせていることが分かった。また、ほとんどの幼児が日本語に興味を持っているという結果となった。教師に対する調査からは、幼児が日本語学習を楽しいと感じ、かつ、運用できるようになる授業を心掛けていることが分かった。問題点としては、幼児が教室外で日本語を使用する機会がほとんどない、幼児日本語教育用の教材が少ない、教師の指導方法が適切であるかということや幼児の学習態度に目を向けているかということが見落とされているといったことが挙げられた。台湾における幼児日本語教育に適した教材の開発と教育方法の確立が問題解決の糸口ともなり得るであろうが、それらについての考察は今後の課題としたい。

關鍵字

幼児日本語教育 ； 幼稚園 ； 実態調査 ； 日本語学習

並列摘要

現行台灣的日語教學多半以中等和高等教育為主，而幼兒日語教育仍屬發展啟蒙階段。因此，筆者藉由實地訪查來探究台灣未臻普及化的幼兒日語教育實施現狀及今後發展趨勢為何？為了瞭解實施幼兒日語教育極低的新竹地區的推動狀況,，本論文以一家已實施幼兒日語教育的幼兒園為調查對象，針對該幼兒園的幼兒家長們及幼兒日語教學工作的教師等，以問卷調查的方式進行研究。透過訪查並分析為何幼兒父母親們會讓自家孩童們學習日語？幼童在學習日語後會呈現出哪些學習後反應？此外，幼教員實際用何種方式來教育幼兒？在教學過後又會面臨到哪些問題等…。經由問卷分析結果後得知，大多數的家長們會讓孩子學習日語的理由有：「想讓孩子多接觸多國語言」、「學習多國語言能鍛鍊刺激大腦」、「讓孩子能保有對異文化交流的好奇心和促進對於國際了解」等。此外，經由調查同時發現到大多數的幼童們對日語教學都保有相當程度的學習興趣，此因教職人員們都花費很多的心思在課程設計上及教具教材方面等所致，希望藉此誘發出幼兒們日語學習的興趣。但卻也發現到幼童日語學習者在課堂外或下課後，幾乎沒有日語活用的機會。另一方面也注意到坊間有關幼兒日語教學的市售教材也極其有限等。文中甚至論述到教師的日語教學法是否真正合適於幼兒的學習需求等各種相關問題。本論文的最後將台灣今後是否能開發出適合幼兒日語教育的教具教材及訂定明確的教學方針等當成為今後研究的課題。｜Although most Japanese language learners in Taiwan are students in higher education institutions and secondary schools, there are also a small number of young children. This paper investigates the current status of Japanese language education for young children, which is not yet common in Taiwan, and explores how it can be developed in the future. This paper is the result of a questionnaire survey of parents of young children and Japanese language teachers, conducted by visiting kindergartens offering Japanese language education in Hsinchu, where there are few educational institutions or supplementary schools offering Japanese language education for young children. The survey included the purpose of having children learn Japanese, children's reactions to learning Japanese, teachers' teaching methods, and problems they encountered. It was found that most parents of young children at the surveyed early childhood education institutions have their children learn Japanese for reasons such as "I want my child to learn multiple languages," "multilingual learning is good for brain development," and "I want my child to have international understanding and an interest in cross-cultural exchange. The results also showed that most of the young children were interested in Japanese. From the survey of teachers, it was found that they try to provide lessons in which the children enjoy learning Japanese and speak Japanese. Problems cited included the fact that young children have few opportunities to use Japanese outside the classroom, that there are few teaching materials for Japanese language education for young children, and that teachers' teaching methods and attention to young children's attitudes toward learning are overlooked. The development of teaching materials and the establishment of teaching methods suitable for early childhood Japanese language education in Taiwan may provide clues to solving these problems, but we will discuss these issues in the future.｜Although most Japanese language learners in Taiwan are students in higher education institutions and secondary schools, there are also a small number of young children. This paper investigates the current status of Japanese language education for young children, which is not yet common in Taiwan, and explores how it can be developed in the future. This paper is the result of a questionnaire survey of parents of young children and Japanese language teachers, conducted by visiting kindergartens offering Japanese language education in Hsinchu, where there are few educational institutions or supplementary schools offering Japanese language education for young children. The survey included the purpose of having children learn Japanese, children's reactions to learning Japanese, teachers' teaching methods, and problems they encountered. It was found that most parents of young children at the surveyed early childhood education institutions have their children learn Japanese for reasons such as "I want my child to learn multiple languages," "multilingual learning is good for brain development," and "I want my child to have international understanding and an interest in cross-cultural exchange. The results also showed that most of the young children were interested in Japanese. From the survey of teachers, it was found that they try to provide lessons in which the children enjoy learning Japanese and speak Japanese. Problems cited included the fact that young children have few opportunities to use Japanese outside the classroom, that there are few teaching materials for Japanese language education for young children, and that teachers' teaching methods and attention to young children's attitudes toward learning are overlooked. The development of teaching materials and the establishment of teaching methods suitable for early childhood Japanese language education in Taiwan may provide clues to solving these problems, but we will discuss these issues in the future.

並列關鍵字

幼兒日語教育 ； 幼兒園 ； 現狀調查 ； 日語學習｜Early Childhood Japanese Language Education ； Early Childhood Education Institutions in Taiwan ； Survey of Current State ； Learning Japanese

參考文獻

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