This work investigates cavity-modulated resonant tunneling through a silver film with periodic grooves on both surfaces. A strip cavity embedded in the film affects tunneling frequencies via a coupling mode and waveguide mode. In coupling mode, both the resonant tunneling through the gap between the groove and cavity and the cavity itself form an entire resonant structure. In the waveguide mode, however, the cavity functions as a surface plasmon waveguide. Hence, tunneling frequencies are close to resonant absorption frequencies of the groove structure and irrelevant to cavity properties.