從美國PayPal經驗與歐盟支付服務指令論我國第三方支付服務之現狀與未來

An Overview of PayPal in the U.S. and PSD in EU: The Present and Future of the Third Party Payment Services in Taiwan Abstract

蔡宗霖

《科技法律透析》 21卷10期 (2009/10) Pp. 47-64

https://doi.org/10.7062/STLR.200910.0047

摘要

第三方支付服務之蓬勃肇始於C2C(Customer to Customer)交易窒礙，蓋線上支付之眾多方式中，仍以信用卡爲付款主流，惟對網路商店言之，收受信用卡須由銀行審核通過始能爲之，許多資力不足之個人賣家或中小企業，即因資本額未達特約商店之門檻而不得收受信用卡：加以個體商家有時技術能力不足，於網站架設、金流機制串接與收款銷帳等方面顯得力有未逮，職是，此些資本不足或技術未達一定程度之網路商家轉向求助於資訊廠商，此即爲第三方支付服務興起之濫觴。現行我國常見之第三方支付服務可分二種，以獨立經營金流服務者爲其一，而電子商務平台兼營支付服務者，則爲其二。然我金融監督管理委員會去函銀行公會表示：「爲健全信用卡市場發展，收單機構對於特約商店之請款應直接撥付予該特約商，不得撥予第三人。」該函是否直接限制此種產業於我國之發展，實有探討之必要，故本文試圖透過美國PayPal經驗，以及歐盟支付服務指令相關規定提出建議，同時指出日後法制工作需要努力之面向。

關鍵字

第三方支付服務 ； PayPal ； 歐盟支付服務指令 ； 金管會 ； 線上支付 ； 信用卡

並列摘要

A business model named third party payment service actually became well-known due to the massive volume of credit card usage because individuals and stores without enough capital can hardly reach the threshold of becoming stores which are credit card acceptable, but this no-credit-card situation might not be the same with the existence of the third party payment service providers. With the contract between them and those without enough funds, the providers can play an intermediate role to accept the amount of credit card payment certified by banks in advance and retain the money until the buyer receives the goods or services. Controversially, the competent authority does not agree this seemingly flawless business model. It issued an order to prohibit banks from certifying the payment to anyone who is not credit-card-acceptance qualified. Therefore, the article will analyze the legal issues in the third party payment service, explore the regulatory frameworks in the U.S. and EU by showing an example of PayPal and Payment Services Directive, and recommend a proper solution to justifiably prosper this industry.

並列關鍵字

the third party payment service ； PayPal ； Payment Services Directive ； credit card ； online payment

參考文獻

http://www.paypal-media.com/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=217374, last visited, 2009/4/15.

http://www.paypal-media.com/aboutus.cfm, last visited, 2009/4/13.

http://www.paypal.com/us/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=xpt/Marketing/general/NewConsumerWorks-outside, last visited, 2009/4/13.

http://paypal.com/us/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=xpt/cpt/account/DCIntro-outside&nav=1.3.1, last visited, 2008/10/18.

Anenberg, Scott A.(2002).[T]he key concept of 'receiving' or 'accepting' deposits for purposes of state banking laws is potentially broader than 'physically handling or holding' funds.Banking L. & Com. Rep..6(10)