臺灣包公廟之「開基廟」、「祖廟」探討

Discussion on the ＂Founding Temple＂ and ＂Ancestral Temple＂ of Baogong Temple in Taiwan

黃永財(YONG-CAI HUANG)

《中華科技大學學報》 75期 (2018/11) Pp. 45-60

摘要

包拯是真實的中國北宋歷史人物，清官典型模範，稱「包青天」、「包公」。包拯逝世後被神格化，人們建包公廟祭祀「包府千歲」，又是第五殿「閻羅王」、稱「閻羅天子」。臺灣包公信仰的建廟發展，由清代、日治時期，到西元一九四五至西元二○一八年，經調查，約有三十二座主祀包公的寺廟。建廟較早的包公廟，為突顯及提高寺廟本身地位，冠上「開基廟」、「祖廟」，形成獨特的包公信仰網絡。本文主旨以爬梳臺南市南沙宮「開基包公廟」及雲林縣海清宮「閻羅天子包公祖廟」的建廟源流。對於兩座寺廟各冠上開基廟、祖廟的合理性，及如何鞏固其正當性做探討。

關鍵字

包公廟 ； 開基廟 ； 祖廟 ； 南沙宮 ； 海清宮

並列摘要

Bao Zheng is a true historical figure of the Northern Song Dynasty in China. It is a typical model of the Qing Dynasty. It is called Bao Qingtian and Bao Gong. After the death of Bao Zheng, he was deified. The people built the Baogong Temple to worship the ＂Chiu Chitose＂ and the fifth temple, ＂Yama, King of Hell＂, and the ＂Emperor Yama＂. The development of the temples of Taiwan's Baogong faith, from the Qing Dynasty to the Japanese rule, from 1945 to 2018, was investigated and there were about thirty-two temples. The Baogong Temple, which was built earlier in the temple, highlights and enhances the status of the temple itself. It is crowned with the ＂Founding Temple＂ and the ＂Ancestral Temple＂ to form a unique network of beliefs. The main purpose of this paper is to climb the temple of Nansha Temple in Tainan City, the ＂Founding Baogong Temple＂ and the Haiqing Temple in Yunlin County. For the rationality of the opening of the temples and temples in the two temples, and how to consolidate their legitimacy.

並列關鍵字

Baogong Temple ； Founding Temple ； Ancestral Temple ； Nansha Temple ； Haiqing Temple