中華民國憲政史研究

The Study of Constitutional History of the Republic of China

謝居福(Chu-Fu Hsieh)

《台南科技大學通識教育學刊》 8期 (2009/04) Pp. 25-47

https://doi.org/10.6780/JGETUT.200904.0025

摘要

十七世紀以來，歐洲在政治上最大的成就，就是建立民主政治，到近代民主政治更結合了憲政主義，透過憲法，規範政府的權力，保障人民的權利。
一九一二年，中華民國降生，依據杭廷頓(S.P. Huntington)的講法，到了一九八七年、一九八八年間，中華民國（在台灣）才真正實現了民主政治，時間上，已過了半個世紀多。
中華民國的民主政治道路，走得相當辛苦，而在「立憲」工作上，更是走得萬分艱難。一直到一九四六年，才通過了「五權憲法制」的中華民國憲法。爾後又頒布了「動員戡亂時期臨時條款」，以及七次的修憲，至今我國的雙首長制體制，依然無法令國人滿意。
本文擬就我國立憲的情形，做一回顧、檢討，並提出一些個人淺見，以爲參考。

關鍵字

五權憲法 ； 民主化 ； 憲政主義 ； 修憲

並列摘要

Since the 17th Century, democratization is the biggest accomplishment of European history. Now combined with the constitutionalism, government's right is restricted by the constitution in order to protect citizen's rights. Gaining independence in 1912, it was more than five decades later, between 1987 and 1988, that Republic of China (Taiwan) became a fully democratic country. The constitutionalization was a long struggle-the five-power constitution was approved in 1946 and then followed by the ”Temporary Provisions Effective During the Period of National Mobilization for Suppression of the Communist Rebellion” and seven constitutional amendments. Even until now, even though Taiwan is applying the dual executive system, the citizens are not satisfied with the outcomes. This research aims to provide retrospection, analysis, opinions and references regarding the circumstances of constitutionalization of Republic of China.

並列關鍵字

The five-power constitution ； democratization ； constitutionalism ； constitutional amendment