臺灣古典詩中南投地景意象探析

Nantou Literary Image in Classical Taiwanese Poetry

歐純純(Chun-Chun Ou)

《台南科技大學通識教育學刊》 10期 (2011/01) Pp. 23-43

https://doi.org/10.6780/JGETUT.201101.0025

摘要

南投位於臺灣中部，是臺灣唯一不靠海的地區，但卻擁有全臺最大的天然湖泊－日月潭；亦有著臺灣最高山脈－玉山山脈連綿而過；同時也是全臺最長河流濁水溪的發源地。這屬於南投山與水的地理景觀，在臺灣古典文學中，成為文學創作的主要題材，而這些作品，記錄了這些地景在時間遞嬗中的變化，也呈顯出文人對此地景的種種感觸，創造出地景的豐富內涵與情感，也成就了屬於南投的地景意象。是以本文以南投的地景為主要研究對象，嘗試從臺灣古典詩中，探討這些景觀在文人情感與思想交融中，激盪出那些形象，展現出南投地區的多元風貌。由此，藉由歌詠日月潭、玉山、濁水溪、集集、林圯埔等詩歌，分析屬於南投的意象包含：「世外桃源」、「仙境」、「門戶鎖鑰」、「君子之德」、「陰陽幻電流」等五組意象，其中「世外桃源」、「仙境」、「君子之德」的意象具有歷時性的特點；「門戶鎖鑰」、「陰陽幻電流」的意象形成，則具有特殊的歷史背景，尤其是「陰陽幻電流」的意象，是在日治時期，日月潭水利發電開發後才形成，使得靜態、固有的意象內涵注入新的氛圍，也具有了開發進步的現代意義。由此可以發覺，南投在開發墾拓的進程中，文人行吟歌詠的篇章裏，突顯出地理景觀的特殊性，形構出南投宛如世外桃源、質樸、無爭、神秘、敦厚的意象外，也有進步與開發的現代人文形象，成就了南投地景意象的豐富面貌。

關鍵字

南投 ； 意象 ； 臺灣文學 ； 古典詩歌

並列摘要

Nantou is located in central Taiwan, and is the only landlocked city in Taiwan. However, it has Taiwan's largest natural lake, Sun Moon Lake, as well as Taiwan's tallest mountain range, the almost endless Yushan. At the same time, it is also the origin of Taiwan's longest river, Zhuoshui River. The geographical scenery of mountains and rivers belonging to Nantou also became topics in classical Taiwanese literature. These literary works recorded the changes in these aspects of nature through time, revealed the various feelings of literati toward the natural scenery, creating the depth of nature, and created the literary map of Nantou. Thus, this paper uses the mountains and rivers of Nantou as the primary subject of study. It attempts to use classical poems of Taiwan to explore natural scenery. By combining literati emotions and thoughts, the images are used to express the diverse appearances of the mountainous city of Nantou. From this, poetry praising Sun Moon Lake, Yushan, Zhuoshui River, Jiji, and Linyipu is used to analyze images of Nantou, including the five sets of ”utopia,” ”fairyland,” ”southeastern lock,” ”sincere, genuine, persevering,” ”yin-yang imaginary electrical currents.” These images trace Nantou's literary map. It can be discovered that in the process of opening and cultivating Nantou, the images of mountains and waters in poetry accentuate the uniqueness of the geography. It also formulates the humanist image of Nantou, as a utopia that is simple, content, mysterious, persevering, and modern; this completes the diverse appearances of Nantou's literary image.

並列關鍵字

Nantou ； image ； classical poetry