Vibration exercise is a mechanical stimulus that can be determining by the amplitude, frequency, and the magnitude of the oscillations. After the Russian scientists introduced the vibration training to the resistance training program, there have many commercial vibration machines been developed around the world. The use of vibration exercise to enhance muscle performance probably results from the vibration simultaneously stimulates the muscle spindle and tendon to induce the tonic vibration reflex and the inhibition of antagonist. Whole body vibration (WBV), the mostly common vibration exercise type, can transmit the oscillations from the vibration platform through the total body to obtain the maximal vibration stimulus. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to demonstrate the acute and chronic physiological effects of WBV training, and also was to provide the application and the safety consideration in practice.