台北市綠地效益之評價－特徵價格法之應用

The Valuation of the Benefits of Green Area in Taipei-A Hedonic Price Approach

彭宴玲(Yen-Ling Peng)

《臺灣地方鄉鎮觀光產業發展與前瞻學術研討會論文集》 2005年度 (2005/05) Pp. 269-285

https://doi.org/10.29938/TWTOURISM.200505.0269

摘要

近年來，在文獻中不難發現已有許多研究開始以「開放空間」、「公園綠地」、「都市綠地」等等為主題，應用特徵價格法進行其效益評估或分析。本研究主要以Rosen(1974)所建構之特徵價格理論進行都市綠地之效益評估：首先，將取得之房屋交易資料運用地理資訊系統(GIS)以半徑五百公尺量測該範圍內有關環境特徵及房屋外部特徵之相關變數，並且自行建立資料庫；其次，將所量測之變數進行基本統計分析及迴歸分析，在上述資料分析完成後，本研究最後將提出不同方案來估計都市綠地效益，以及其反應在空間規劃上之政策意涵。本研究主要發現有：(1)房屋價格會顯著的受到坪數、衛浴設備、房屋使用型態、座落之行政區、交通便利性、鄰避設施等因素之影響；(2)在環境特徵方面，半徑五百公尺範圍內之綠覆面積每增加1公頃，房價會增加約23080元；各行政區之綠覆率每增加1%，房價會增加約80.782萬元；在非線性迴歸模式中，各行政區之綠覆率平方項每增加1%，各行政區之房價會增加約0.336%；(3)就整體總效益而言，將120公頃綠地平均分配在各行政區中，每行政區會分得10公頃綠地之方案，對各行政區沒有太大之效益，故應採用將120公頃綠地全部集中於某一行政區之方案；(4)在不考量土地成本的條件下，政府部門在往後進行綠地政策分析時，應先選擇規劃較大面積之綠地，且將綠地集中投資設置在同行政區中，並且應選擇較靠近台北市中心之行政區為主；(5)在考量土地成本的條件下，也能在住家附近大量設置鄰里公園，亦能助於提高綠地之效益。

關鍵字

特徵價格法 ； 都市綠地 ； 綠地效益 ； 政策評估

並列摘要

There is an increasing interest in measuring the benefits of green area or open space in urban area. The purposes of this study are to valuate the benefits of the green area in Taipei city, to draw the policy implications of the existing distribution of green area in Taipei city, and to propose the suggestion on future green area provision in Taipei. The approach employed to measure the benefits of green area is the hedonic price method. The hedonic price model is estimated by using the housing transaction data and the green area within a 500 meter radius surrounding the house and the total green area within the district. The estimated hedonic regression model is then used to estimate the benefits of the green area and to simulate the benefits of various distributions of the additional green area in Taipei. The major findings of this study are as fellows: (1) Housing price is significantly affected by it's size, number of bathroom, use of the house, location, accessibility, and the NIMBY facilities. (2) An increase in a hectare of green area within 500 meter radius of the house will result in an increase of housing price by NT$. 23080; As the green cover in the district increase by 1%, the housing prices will be increased by NT$. 807820 in the case of linear model, and increased by 0.336% in the case of non-linear model. (3) The benefits of a given amount of green area is related to it's spatial distribution; concentrated distribution will result in a higher benefits than that is catering distributed. (4) To achieve a higher level of benefits, the additional green area is suggested to be distributed near cit center. (5) The provision of neighborhood park enhances the accessibility to green area, and hence contributes to the appreciation of housing value.

並列關鍵字

Hedonic price method ； Green Area ； Benefits of Green Area ； Policy Evaluation