長期照護機構照顧服務員的工作壓力與工作滿意度對離職意願的影響

Analyzing the Relationship among Job Stresses, Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention of Nurse Aide in Long-Term Care Institution

林水順(Shui-Shun Lin) ； 游涵茵(Han-Yin Yu) ； 戴于捷(Yu-Jie, Dai)

《管理學術研討會》 第十六屆 (2018/11) Pp. 912-923

https://doi.org/10.29893/NCUTMAN.201811.0091

摘要

根據我國內政部統計處的人口統計，到了2026年，65歲以上的老年人口數占總人口數比例將會超過20%，並推估長期照顧服務需求人口數，2021年為88萬人，2031年為121萬人，顯示長期照顧需求問題不容小看。對於長期處於第一線服務的照顧服務員而言，衛福部2015年調查報告中顯示，自2003年至2014的留任比率約為26%，若此行業人力不再減少流失、快速增長，會造成更多的社會問題。本研究以臺中地區之機構式長期照護機構任職滿滿三個月以上之全職或正規兼職的照顧服務員，進行結構式問卷調查，探討機構照顧服務員的工作壓力及工作滿意度對離職意願的影響；工作滿意度是否在工作壓力對離職意願有中介影響；個人屬性是否會在工作壓力及工作滿意度對離職意願及工作壓力透過工作滿意度間接對離職意願中存在差異。本研究發現工作壓力對離職意願呈現正影響，工作滿意度對離職意願呈現負影響，而在個人屬性中只有「婚姻關係」、「服務機構型態」、「工作型態」有達顯著差異。另外，工作滿意度在工作壓力對離職意願的影響中扮演中介效果，其個人屬性中只有「年齡」、「教育程度」、「薪資收入」、「照顧人數」有達顯著差異。

關鍵字

照顧服務員 ； 長期照護機構 ； 工作壓力 ； 工作滿意度 ； 離職意願

並列摘要

According to the calculations from the Department of Statistics in the Ministry of the Interior, by 2026 the population aged 65 or over will exceed 20%. It is also estimated that by 2021 the number of people in need of long-term care will be 8.8 hundred thousand and by 2032 the number will be 1.21 million. This shows that the need for long-term care should not be underestimated. As for nurse aides who have long been the frontline workers in long-term care, according to the 2015 report by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, their retention rate between 2003 and 2014 was approximately 26%. If the turnover rate for this profession does not decrease, it will lead to more social problems. The researcher administered a structured questionnaire on nurse aides who have worked full-time or long-term part-time for over three months in long-term care institutions in Taichung. This study explores how institutional nurse aides’ occupational stress and job satisfaction affect their intent to quit; whether job satisfaction acts as a mediator variable between occupational stress and intent to quit; whether personal characteristics indirectly influence how occupational stress and job satisfaction affect intent to quit; and the indirect influence that personal characteristics in occupational stress has on how job satisfaction affects the intent to quit. The research results show that occupational stress has a positive correlation with intent to quit, job satisfaction has a negative correlation with intent to quit and when it comes to personal characteristics, only 〞marriage status〞, 〞institution type〞 and 〞types of employment〞 have significant effect. Also, when it comes to job satisfaction being a mediator variable between occupational stress and intent to quit, only 〞age〞, 〞level of education〞, 〞salary〞 and 〞number of patients〞 have significant effect.

並列關鍵字

Nurse Aide ； Long-Term Care Institution ； Job Stresses ； Job Satisfaction ； Turnover Intention