産業政策的示範效果－台灣石化業的産生

Demonstration Effects and Industrial Policy: The Birth of Taiwan's Petrochemical Industry

瞿宛文(Wan-Wen Chu)

《台灣社會研究季刊》 27期 (1997/09) Pp. 97-138

https://doi.org/10.29816/TARQSS.199709.0004

摘要

在經濟發展領域中，新古典學派與結構學派，對於束亞新興工業化國家在成長過程中產業政策的角色與作用，有相反的意見，本文則是針對這爭議，利用台灣石化業的個案，來檢驗以上的理論。本文就台灣石化業早期發展的歷史做比較細節的探討，所得到的結果主要如下，1)若無干預這產業當時無法在台灣產生；2)產業政策的干預是有效的；3)不過產業政策的各種作用中，示範效果最為關鍵，為帶動私部門投資的充分條件；4)新古典模型在此個案中無法成立。示範效果的重要性雖與制度性因素有關，但肯定了傳統經濟發展理論中重視非邊際變化的看法。

關鍵字

産業政策 ； 示範效果 ； 石化工業 ； 東亞新興工業化國家

並列摘要

This paper is concerned with the debate about the role of industrial policy in promoting growth in the East Asian NICs, and its findings contradict the neoclassical views that industrial policy has not contributed much to the East Asian growth. Using the case of Taiwan's petrochemical industry as an example, this paper evaluates the role of industrial policy in the earliest stage of the industry's development. The main findings are the followings: 1) the industry would not have emerged at that time without intervention; 2) the intervention had been effective; 3) the demonstration effect was the crucial one in fostering private investment; 4) the neoclassical model cannot be applied in this case. The importance of demonstration effect, though related to the institutional setting in Taiwan at that time, does reconfirm the traditional perception of development as nonmarginal change.

並列關鍵字

industrial policy ； demonstration effects ； petrochemical industry ； East Asian Newly Industrializing countries