For a long time Taiwan has witnessed an imbalance between cities and rural areas: the development of cities at the cost of villages, from which serious problems have sprouted. For this reason, the government implemented renewal plan for farming and fishing villages. Some remote, out-of-shape communities were selected as the sites to undergo village renewal programs. This study was aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the 19 areas completed the implementation of the renewal plan for farming and fishing villages. The subjects of this study primarily consisted of actors (local government officials) and participants (village chiefs). With respect to effectiveness, three aspects regarding farming and fishing communities were studied, namely economic aspect, social aspect and environmental aspect. The questionnaire survey method was adopted, and then discussion was conducted and suggestions were proposed, after considering the execution aspect.