森林步道環境特性對心理評價反應之影響

森林步道環境不僅帶給人舒適感，可能會因爲某些環境特性，而產生一些害怕之事物或情境，如迷路、落石、動植物威脅等。爲瞭解森林步道環境資訊、知覺、情境擔心對心理評價之影響，本研究以60張彩色森林步道照片作爲測試媒體，共獲得519位有效樣本。經典型相關分析後發現環境資訊之自然度與情境擔心（環境安全擔心、社會犯罪威脅、野生生物威脅和方向感）呈正相關，而開放度、視覺可及性和移動可及性與情境擔心均呈負相關；複雜性和神秘性與偏好間具正向相關；自然度和複雜性與危險和害怕間具正相關；視覺可及性和移動可及性與偏好具正相關，但與危險和害怕具負相關；而情境擔心與危險和害怕間達顯著正相關。從研究結果可得知，景觀的視覺穿透能力爲主要影響因子，尤其是林木間的視覺可及程度，因此未來在森林步道和公園植栽設計時建議需謹慎考量。

關鍵字

環境資訊；景觀偏好；危險；害怕

並列摘要

Forest trail not only provides a comfortable feeling for people, it also evokes specific fear of events or situations by certain environmental property for instance, getting lost, falling debris, and threatened by wild animal and plant. To understand influences of environmental information, perception, and situational concern on psychological evaluation in forest trails, there were sixty color slides to be collected as stimuli. Through convenient sampling, the study obtained 519 valid samples who took general courses in college. After performing canonical analysis, the results found that the naturalness of environmental information positively correlated with situational concerns (e.g., environmental safety concern, criminal threat, wildlife threat, and direction). However, openness, visual access, and locomotive access had negative correlations with situation concerns. Moreover, complexity and mystery were positively correlated with preference that was similar to the previous findings. Furthermore, the result indicated that the high level of naturalness and complexity had positively effects on the rise of danger and fear. Both access of visual and locomotive had positive correlations with preference, but negative correlations with danger and fear. As the results implied, visual penetration is a key factor in the given scene, particularly the level of visual access between trees. Therefore, considerations need to be sufficiently adopted when planting design of forest trail and park in the future.