目的:探討12週不同運動訓練介入,對於高齡婦女功能性體適能、健康生活品質與生活型態的影響。方法:以金門地區65歲以上66名高齡婦女為研究對象,隨機分成低頻率運動組22人(每週3次,土風舞)、高頻率運動組22人(每週5次,土風舞)及整合性運動組22人(每週3次,土風舞+阻力運動)等3組,每次運動時間60分鐘、運動強度設定50-65%(heart rate reserve, HRR)、持續12週漸進式運動訓練課程。並於運動訓練介入前、後皆進行功能性體適能檢測、健康生活品質與健康生活型態之問卷填答,並以卡方考驗、單因子變異數及薛費氏法事後比較等統計分析。結果:12週的運動介入後在低頻率組、高頻組及整合性組,皆有促進運動階段的正面效果,且能有效提升功能性體適能之上肢、下肢柔軟度項目,並於整合性與高頻率運動組顯著優於低頻率組 (M>L;H>L, p<.05)。健康生活品質之生理健康、心理狀態、社會關係和環境向度上,在整合性及高頻率運動顯著優於低頻率有氧運動(M>L;H>L, p<.05)。在健康生活型態之向度僅在壓力處置之構面,整合性運動組顯著優於低頻率運動組(M>L, p<.05)。結論:12周整合性與高頻率的運動介入,可有效提升高齡婦女生理機能,進而養成規律運動習慣,創造積極性的生活型態,以提升健康生活品質。
Purpose: Effects of the 12-week intervention different exercise training to functional fitness, health lifestyle and health related quality of life on elderly women. Method: Were recruited aged over 65 as the of sixty-six elderly women in and randomly assigned into 3 groups (22 subjects each). low-frequency exercise group (three times a week, folk dance), high-frequency exercise group (five times a week, folk dance) and Multi-Component exercise group (three times a week, folk dance plus resistance exercise). The research period is successive 12 weeks with 60-minute exercise each time, and exercise intensity setting is heart rate reserve (HRR) between 50% and 65%. functional fitness Test, questionnaires of health lifestyle and health related quality of life was assessed before the training programs, 12-week after training programs. The research was analyzed by Descriptive Statistics, Chi- Square Test, One-Way Analysis. Scheffe's test would be applied when there was a significant variance on the analysis of each variable. Results: Effects in the low-frequency group, high-frequency group, and Multi-Component group that promoted the exercise phase, after 12-week of exercise training intervened. There were positive effects in the low-frequency group, high-frequency group, and Multi-Component group that promoted the exercise phase. And can effectively improve the functional fitness fitness upper limb, lower limb softness items, and in the Multi-Component exercise and high-frequency exercise group was significantly better than the low frequency group (M> L; H> L, p <.05). The physiological health, psychological state, social relationship, and environmental orientation of healthy life quality were the Multi-Component exercise and high-frequency exercise group was significantly better than the low frequency group (M> L; H> L, p <.05). The orientation of stress management was only healthy life styles were the Multi-Component exercise group was significantly better than the low frequency group (M> L, p <.05). Conclusion: Effective of the 12-week intervention Multi-Component and high-frequency exercise intervention can effectively improve the physiological function in elderly women, the develop regular exercise habits, and create a positive lifestyle to improve the health related quality of life.