有氧與無氧能力之性別差異

Gender Difference in Aerobic and Anaerobic Capacity

王慶堂(Ching-Tang Wang) ； 林學諒(Hsueh-Liang Lin) ； 張振崗(Chen-Kang Chang)

《教練科學》 4期 (2004/08) Pp. 95-100

https://doi.org/10.6194/SCS.2004.04.07

摘要

女性運動能力與運動時的生理反應與男性不完全相同。大多數運動生理學的研究以男性為研究對象，其結果無法完全應用於女性。本文探討有氧能力與無氧能力之性別差異，以及造成此差異的可能原因。女性最耗氣量以絕對值表示時，約為男性的64-71%，以相對體重值表示時，則可達男性的85-91%，此差異主要來自於男女性肌肉量的差別。女性以溫蓋特測驗測得的無氧能力約為男性的68-73%，但每公斤體重總作功約可達男性之85%。有氧能力與無氧能力存在顯著的性別差異，除了肌肉量不同之外。能量代謝方式不同可能也是原因之一。教練在設計訓練內容時，必須考慮性別差異。

關鍵字

性別 ； 有氧能力 ； 無氧能力 ； 肌肉量 ； 能量代謝

並列摘要

There are significant gender difference in exercise capacity and physiological reactions during exercise. Most exercise physiology research used males as subjects. The results may not be completely applicable to females. In this study, gender differences in aerobic and anaerobic capacities, and possible mechanisms responsible for the differences wore investigated. When expressed in absolute term, female &O(subscript 2max) was approximately 64-71% that of male. When expressed relative to body weight, it could reach 85-91%. The major reason for she difference in aerobic capacity in the difference in muscle mass. Female's anaerobic capacity, measured by Wingate test was approximately 68-73% of that of male. It could reach 85% when expressed as W/kg body weight. In addition to muscle mass, difference in energy metabolism reap be another reason for the gander variation in aerobic and anaerobic capacities. Coaches should take gender differences into consideration when designing training protocols.

並列關鍵字

gender ； aerobic capacity ； anaerobic capacity ； muscle mass ； energy metabolism

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