目的:描述台灣地區事故傷害在性別、年齡與原因的長期趨勢。方法:本研究以1986-2007年衛生署公佈的「衛生統計」資料,計算每年事故傷害死亡率,並以「性別」、「年齡」與「傷害原因」個別探討傷害的長期趨勢。結果:台灣22年來計有310,123位國民死於事故傷害,整體及非蓄意性傷害死亡率呈下降趨勢(%及4分別降243.5%),而蓄意性傷害死亡率則是上升(70%)。以性別區分,男性在非蓄意性及蓄意性傷害死亡率都高於女性。在年齡方面,死亡率隨著年齡增加而上升,而各年齡層死亡率皆呈現逐年下降趨勢。有關傷害原因,在非蓄意性傷害中,運輸事故是臺灣地區民眾的主要死因,其次是溺水,兩者均呈下降趨勢,而意外跌墜則沒有明顯變化,並在1996年以後取代了溺水成為第二死因。在蓄意性傷害方面,自殺死亡率大幅上升,而他殺則是略為下降,但在嬰幼兒他殺死亡率卻上升。結論:整體傷害死亡率雖下降,但仍應針對運輸事故、溺水及意外跌墜等前三名非蓄意性傷害制訂合適的防制計畫。而蓄意性傷害中的自殺與1-4歲幼童他殺死亡率上升將是未來我國制定政策的防制重點。
Objective: To examine the trends in injury mortality in Taiwan by sex, age, and cause between 1986 and 2007. Methods: Analysis of routine mortality data from the official publications of vital statistics from 1986 to 2007 to determine trends by sex and cause of death. Linear regression was used to test the trends. Results: A total of 310,123 people in Taiwan died as a result of injury between 1986 and 2007. Total and unintentional injury mortality rate were declined (24% and 43.5%), but intentional injury mortality rate was increased (70%). Both intentional and unintentional injury mortality rate of male were higher than female. Injury mortality rate was increased by age, but totalage injury mortality rates declined. Motor vehicle injury was the major unintentional injury death cause in Taiwan, followed by drowning. Motor vehicle and drowning mortality rate were declined. Fall injury mortality rate did not significantly change in the study period, and took the place of drowning since 1996. Suicide mortality rate significantly increased in the study period. Homicide mortality rate slightly declined, but increased in the 1-4-year age group. Conclusions: Total injury mortality rate declined, but motor vehicle injury, drowning and fall injury were three unintentional injuries to concern. Suicide and child homicide are also key points to prevent in the future.