Based on our past 3 years of experience, ultrasound assistance can be applied to the following 4 aspects to assist in successful arteriovenous access cannulation: 1. finding the range of cannulation, 2. determining the puncture site of buttonhole cannulation, 3. guiding the needle through the access tunnel, 4. repositioning of the needle. The ultrasound assistance can successfully deal with individual patients' cannulation problems, but further research is needed for higher-quality evidence.