評估及應用GPS瞬時解於池上區域地殼變形監測

The Evaluation and Application of GPS Instantaneous Solution on Crustal Deformation Monitoring near the Chihshang Area

黎偉聖(Wei-Sheng Li)

指導教授 ： 胡植慶

共同指導教授 ： 陳宏宇

國立臺灣大學/理學院/地質科學研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2011.02234

摘要

瞬時解是一種使用雙頻載波相位及僞距資料在僅一個時間取樣點就估算出正確的整數週波個數的動態解方法。在短基線時，此方法相較於傳統靜態GPS可以得到更即時的資訊與更多樣化的功能性。為評估及應用瞬時解的解算結果，我們使用位於台灣東部的池上鄰近區域共十三個GPS連續站2005-2007年的連續GPS資料，並選擇位於縱谷中，且遠離池上斷層線的測站，池上(SHAN)作為參考站來進行解算工作。
在單一時刻解(動態解)方面，我們評估在基線長20公里以內，平均單次觀測精度，地方時間4:00到8:00在水平向可達到5-10mm和3-5倍的高程誤差。而根據中誤差在不同時間的分佈，精度主要是受到電離層活動影響整數週波未定值的估算，以及與測站環境影響相關的多路徑效應。
在30秒取樣一次的每日解(靜態解)方面，解算結果與精度與傳統靜態解相近，在水平向可達到1-5mm和3-5倍的高程誤差。根據靜態解算結果，本監測區域在近池上斷層北段與南段具有不相同的活動性，南段可觀察到與降雨量相關的季節性行為。

關鍵字

瞬時解 ； 動態解 ； 電離層 ； 未定值 ； 靜態解

並列摘要

Instantaneous positioning of GPS kinematic algorithm is the ability to resolve integer-cycle phase ambiguities with only a single epoch of dual-frequency phase and pseudorange data. This method is more precise and versatile than traditional GPS static process with short baseline length. For the assessment and application of the results of instantaneous positioning, we used continuous GPS observations from 13 continuous GPS sites in the south and eastern Taiwan were in the period between January 2005 and December 2007. All the continuous stations are refrerence to Chishang station (SHAN), where located in Longitudinal Valley but far from Chishang fault.
On the result of single-epoch solution (kinematic solution), the horizontal coordinate precision for a single-epoch position is about 5-10 mm and about 3-5 times worse in the vertical component in local time 4:00-8:00 with baseline length less than 20km. According to the distribution of RMS at different times, the precision achievable by instantaneous positioning depend on the ability to correctly resolve integer-cycle phase ambiguities which is primarily a function of the activity of the ionosphere, as well as on site-specific problems such as multipath.
On the result of daily solution with 24-hours spans of data collected at 30-seconds sampling rate (static solution), the calculation results with accuracy close to the traditional static solution.The horizontal coordinate precision is about 1-5 mm and 3-5 times worse in the vertical. According to results of static Solution, the deformation characteristics of southern and northern parts of the Chihshang fault is different. The time series calculated by data of c-GPS station in southern parts near the Chihshang fault showed a seasonal variation, may be related with the rainfall. The direction of Velocity field in the southernmost area of monitoring network (Luyel-Taitung region) is south to southwest,rather than the northwest(tectonic).

並列關鍵字

Instantaneous positioning of GPS ； kinematic solution ； ionosphere ； ambiguity ； static solution

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