簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 劉冠儀
Liu, Kuan-Yi
論文名稱: 探討3D VR芳香療法2.0虛實結合課程對機構老人身心健康之成效
The Effectiveness of 3D VR and Hands-on Aromatherapy 2.0 on the Physical and Mental Health of the Elderly in institutions
指導教授: 郭鐘隆
Guo, Jong-Long
口試委員: 黃久美
Huang, Chiu-Mieh
林承宇
Lin, Cheng-yu
郭鐘隆
Guo, Jong-Long
口試日期: 2021/07/26
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 健康促進與衛生教育學系
Department of Health Promotion and Health Education
論文出版年: 2021
畢業學年度: 109
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 123
中文關鍵詞: 3DVR芳香療法機構老人身心健康學習動機
英文關鍵詞: 3DVR, aromatherapy, institutionalized residents, physical and mental health, learning motivation
研究方法: 準實驗設計法
DOI URL: http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202101151
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:169下載:0
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 背景:機構老人因行動不便、生活空間受限、社會行為退化,影響身心健康狀態,而近年來3DVR及芳香療法在醫療照護及舒緩身心功能的成效已愈來愈越受到肯定與認同。本研究即以3DVR與芳香療法的虛實結合課程,讓長者從虛實互動學習中,舒緩身心壓力,提升生活品質。
    方法:本研究採立意取樣,研究對象為北部地區2家機構60位老人,區分實驗組與對照組,分別以憂鬱、壓力、身心症狀、焦慮等問卷蒐集介入前、後身心健康狀態的變化情形,再以SPSS-23.0進行成效分析,以瞭解本研究虛實結合課程介入前、後的差異。
    結果:研究表明性別、年齡及教育程度並不會影響機構老人參與虛實結合課程之學習動機。而經廣義估計方程式(GEE)分析結果,憂鬱狀態、壓力狀態、身心症狀狀態、焦慮狀態等身心健康狀態均有顯著的改善。而腦波檢測結果,則發現本研究對專注力的提升亦有影響,但仍需後續研究加以驗證。
    結論:本研究在3DVR芳香療法2.0虛實結合課程實施後,能改善老人身心健康狀態並強化學習動機。未來繼續以創新科技的虛實結合模組,連結健康促進的要素,做更深更廣的課程開發與推展,以符應社會人口高齡化的需求,達到持續照顧老人身心健康的目標。

    Background:The effectiveness of 3DVR and hands-on aromatherapy in relieving physical and mental functions has become more and more popular in recent years. In this study, we used 3DVR and aromatherapy to combine the virtual and hands-on program for older adults to explore the impacts on their physical and mental health.
    Methods: Recruitment of particpants was conducted by intentional sampling, and the total of participants were 60 older adults from two long-term care facilities in northern Taiwan. The study adopted a quasi-experimental design. The changes in outcome variables before and after the intervention were collected by questionnaires on depression, stress, physical and mental symptoms, and anxiety.
    Results:Gender, age, and education level of participants were not significant between experimental and control group. The results of the generalized estimation equation analyses showed significant improvements on depression, stress, physical and mental symptoms, and anxiety. The results of the brain wave examination showed that the study also revealsed an effect on concentration. Future study could explore the effect in more details.
    Conclusion:After the intervention of the 3DVR Aromatherapy 2.0 virtual and hands-on program, the findings significantly improved the physical and mental health of the older adults and strengthen their motivation to learn. In the future, it is promising to promote the combination of 3DVR and hands-on program by applying information technology to improve older adults’ physical and mental health. Future study could expand a similar program to meet the needs of an aging population and achieve the goal of continuous care for the physical and mental health of older adults.

    第一章 緒論1 第一節 研究背景與動機1 第二節 研究目的5 第三節 研究問題6 第四節 名詞解釋7 第二章 文獻探討12 第一節 機構老人的身心問題與照護12 第二節 虛擬實境(Virtual Reality, VR)的應用14 第三節 芳香療法(aromatherapy)的應用24 第四節 ARCS(Attention,Relevance,Confidence,Satisfaction)學習動機模式30 第五節 腦波檢測36 第三章 研究方法39 第一節 研究設計39 第二節 研究流程41 第三節 研究對象42 第四節 研究架構43 第五節 研究工具44 第六節 資料處理與分析49 第四章 研究結果51 第一節 社會人口學變項51 第二節 3DVR芳香療法2.0虛實結合課程之身心健康狀態分析54 第三節 3DVR芳香療法2.0虛實結合課程之成效64 第四節 3DVR芳香療法2.0虛實結合課程與機構老人學習動機之關係68 第五節 3DVR芳香療法2.0虛實結合課程與腦波之關係75 第五章 討論、建議與結論79 第一節 討論79 第二節 研究限制91 第三節 建議92 第四節 結論96 參考文獻98 附錄-課程介入實況照片120

    內政部統計處(2018)。內政統計通報。取自
    https://www.moi.gov.tw/stat/news_detail.aspx?sn=13742
    方景林、陳昇明、李瑋君、鄭湘君(2016)。Wii Fit虛擬實境訓練對社區老人靜、動態平衡能力及前庭功能之成效。弘光學報,78,1-14。
    王詩文(2020)。3DVR沉浸式藥物濫用防制模組對於高中生預防藥物濫用之學習動機、評量與成效之研究。未發表之碩士論文,國立台灣師範大學,臺北市。
    王雅芳 (2011)。芳香療法對改善乳癌患者焦慮、憂鬱、疲憊與生活品質之成效探討。元培醫事科技大學2017健康管理學術研討會暨臺日健康產業論壇。
    古芳菱、黃淑桂、吳菁宜、陳貞夙、王淑真、廖維華、張婉嫈、李偉強、鄭美華、陳晶瑜(2011)。虛擬實境對中風病患上肢復健療效之系統性文獻回顧。臺灣職能治療研究與實務雜誌,7(1),24-38。
    曲建仲(2016)。虛擬實境(VR)、擴增實境(AR)、混合實境(MR)─虛實交織的世界。科學月刊,563,取自https://www.scimonth.com.tw /tw/article/show.aspx?num=3550&kind= 1129&page=1
    朱璿瑾 江政祐 劉寧漢(2013)。運用腦波識別專注狀態。資訊科技國際期刊,7(2),14-23。
    朱如茵(2003)。芳香療法改善安養護機構老年住民憂鬱情緒及心率變異度之成效探討,碩士論文。取自臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統。
    https://hdl.handle.net/11296/a3k8gm。
    李百麟(2113)。高齡者學習與心理健康。臺灣老人保健學刊,9(1),36-45。
    李世代(2000)。長期照護需求推估之探討。社區發展季刊,92;66-83。
    李彥章、熊梅(2016)芳香療法在抑鬱治療中的應用進展。中國中西醫結合雜誌,36(10),1275-1277。
    李卉芹(2012)。虛擬體驗對冒險遊憩活動場域旅遊意圖之影響-以體感遊戲為例。未發表之碩士論文,高雄餐旅大學,高雄市。
    李婉蔆(2010)。台灣中老年人自覺壓力、社會支持和憂鬱傾向之相關性探討。未發表之碩士論文,長榮大學,台南市。
    宋永坤、王淑涓(2013)。臺灣外島與本島地區國小教師休閒活動、休閒調適與身心健康之探索性研究:以臺南與金門為例。觀光旅遊研究學刊,8(1),77-99。
    吳佳玲、謝盛發(2009),芳香精油香氣體驗情感意象之研究,台南科技大學通識教育學刊,8,273-295。
    吳柔靚(2014)。芳香療法對長照機構失智老人的健康促進影響之研究,碩士論文。取自臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統。https://hdl. handle.net /11296/wnypbk。
    林晴筠、杜明勳、薛光傑(2007)。芳香治療在臨床醫學的運用新知。基層醫學,22(11),408-413。
    林邵珍(2003)。運用ARCS動機設計模式之生活科技教學。生活科技教育月刊,36(4),52- 59。
    林宗毅(2009)。芳香療法對壓力及經絡虛實反應之研究-以美容健康SPA產業為例,碩士論文。取自臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統。
    https://hdl.handle.net/11296/523p33。
    林宗鴻(1996)。壓力與壓力的處理。中華民國航空醫學會刊,10(2),35-38。
    林慧冠(2018)。虛擬實境冒險遊戲之研究與開發,碩士論文。取自臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統。https://hdl.handle.net/11296/h33e82
    卓芷聿(2006)。芳香療法的應用-聞香紓緩身心壓力。安寧療護雜誌,3(11),312-325。
    卓芷聿(2010)。臨床芳療在癌症病患身心靈照護的輔助角色。腫瘤護理雜誌,10(2),9-22。
    胡超群、黃柏銘(2006)。另類醫學在自然療法之啟迪。中華推拿與現代康復科學雜誌,3(1),1-16。
    胡乃雲(2012) 芳香療法與音樂療法對焦慮和心率變異度的效果。碩士論文,取自華藝線上圖書館。http://dx.doi.org/10.6342/ NTU.2012. 03098
    洪可容(2016)。VR/AR的過去、現在及未來展望。科技新報TechNews。取自http://technews.tw/2016/05/11/vr-ar-past-npw-future/
    孫嘉玲、黃美瑜、宋梅生、王秀香、張元貞(2005)。精油按摩對原發性痛經緩解效果之先驅研究。實證護理,1(3),195-201。
    連以婷(2014)。銀髮族玩電動增進記憶與專注。2021年2月23日取自
    https://news.everydayhealth.com.tw/2014/04/17/1474
    梁翠梅(2009)。多元輔助療法在老人族群之應用。弘光人文社會學報,11,85-110。
    高毓霠、顏志倫(2016)。虛擬實境,VR、AR進入生活。今日科技-禪天下雜誌137期。取自https://www.zencosmos.com.tw/2016/08/
    science /3687/
    陳瑞棉、莊琮凱(2017)。精油種類與嗅吸時間長短對人體自律神經之影響。中醫本草芳香療法期刊,1(1),5-18。
    陳立賢(2018)。芳香嗅吸及按摩法對壓力舒緩成效之探討。中醫本草芳香療法期刊,2(2),41-51。
    陳清惠、高淑真、胡夢鯨(2019)。樂齡健康促進課程規劃之研究—以預防失智症教學策略為例。長庚科技學刊,30,61-76。
    陳勇全 廖冠智(2013) 昆蟲知識學習之虛擬實境教材設計與ARCS探究。數位學習科技期刊,5(1),51-68。
    陳育歆(2014)。芳香療法初階課程對參與者身心與生活影響之敘事研究,碩士論文。取自臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統,https://hdl. handle. net/11296/aqs6rz。
    陳琇玲(2017)。應用芳香療法中複方精油對睡眠品質之療效探討。未發表之碩士論文,中臺科技大學,台中市。
    郭婷瑜(2013)。複方精油對於睡眠品質改善之成效探討,碩士論文。取自臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統。https://hdl.handle.net/11296
    /9uzr6f。
    郭國禎 駱芳美(2011)。統計焦慮量表信度與效度考驗。輔導與諮商學報,33(1),23-38.
    黃富順(2004)。高齡學習。臺北:五南。
    黃瀞儀;黃薇宸;林培臻;範新敏;葉儒玟;林迎蒂;牛雅萱;陳佩英;郭素青;林育興(2018)。大學生壓力、專注力與腦波自律神經活性之相關性研究。http://120.106.195.12/handle/310904600Q/16912
    黃宜純、吳慧君、劉波兒、邱婉婷、鄭鬱筠、陳怡珊、王雪貞(2007)。芳香療法臨床運用文獻回顧。弘光學報,50,81-92。
    張華城、許濬聖(2011)。音樂要素對腦波遊戲操作績效影響之研究。2011數位內容與多媒體應用研討會,苗栗,育達商業科技大學。
    張寶燕(1996)。中國學生英語學習焦慮之調查研究。教學與研究,18,45-68。
    溫佑君(1999)。芳香療法與安寧照護。安寧療護雜誌,13,30-33。
    曾月霞(2005)。芳香療法於護理的應用。護理雜誌,52(4),11-15。
    舒玉、陳鈺潔、黃天麒(2019)。護理教育未來式—以虛擬實境誘發動機之整合學習模式。護理雜誌,66(2),22-28。
    喬聖琳、林意旋、陳俊良、楊賢鴻(2015)。中醫醫療結合芳香療法研究國際醫療之願景。中醫藥雜誌,26(2),2602007,13。
    程馨慧(2013)。薰衣草精油及柑橘精油與音樂療法對人體之紓壓成效,碩士論文。取自臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統。https://hdl.handle. net/11296/gmdhb3。
    萬玉鳳、湯淑華、王英偉(2006)。芳香療法於安寧病房的運用。慈濟醫學雜誌,18(4_S),67-70。
    楊瑞珍、黃璉華、胡幼慧、白璐(1995)。自費安養機構老人的自覺健康狀況。護理研究,3〈4),353-364。
    楊文傑、盧大為、林光華(2015),虛擬實境平衡訓練應用於巴金森症患者:文獻回顧。物理治療,40(3),121-128。
    鄒碧鑾(2010)。芳香療法課程介入對銀髮族自覺健康狀況影響之研究-以台中市南區社區照顧關懷據點銀髮族為例。未發表之碩士論文,朝陽科技大學,台中市。
    翟秀麗(2012)兩種植物精油對人憂鬱情緒緩解的實驗研究,杭州,浙江農林大學,2012,1-56。
    趙瑞翎(2016)。淺談「老人」照護。弘誓雙月刊,141,33-37。
    趙崇仁(2004)。薰香精油對室內空氣品質的影響。未發表之碩士論文,成功大學,台南市。
    廖述盛、黃秀美、賴崇閔(2011)。虛擬實境結合問題導向學習應用於行動化醫學教育之研究。科學教育學刊,19(3),237-256。
    劉淑女(2009)。消費者對芳香療法認知與需求之研究,碩士論文。取自臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統。https://hdl.handle.net/ 11296/ss4ff2
    蔡尚穎(2007)。長期照護機構住民的精神層面議題。長期照護雜誌,11(2),116-124。
    蔡兆勳、黃怡超、邱泰源(2008)。輔助與替代醫療的現況與挑戰。台灣醫學,12(2),171-177。
    鄭雅尹(2019)。虛擬實境應用於教學之分析—以 Google Cardboard (VR裝置)融入教學為例。臺灣教育評論月刊,8(3),256-258。
    鄭宗興、吳佳陵、連章宸、鄭貴玉(2018)。台南都會區域中芳香療法與健康管理研究。健康產業管理期刊,4(4),35-46。
    鄭雅文(2020)。虛實結合3D VR芳香療法對老人身心健康之成效探討。未發表之碩士論文,國立台灣師範大學,臺北市。
    餘珮蓉(2007)。芳香療法對改善糖尿病合併神經痛患者睡眠品質之成效探討,碩士論文。取自臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統。
    https://hdl.handle.net/11296/s24448。
    賴崇閔、黃秀美、廖述盛、黃雯雯(2009)。3D 虛擬實境應用於醫學教育接受度之研究。教育心理學報,40 (3),341-362
    賴慧敏、鄭博文、陳清檳(2017)。臺灣青少年憂鬱情緒與偏差行為之縱貫性研究。教育心理學報,48(3),399-426。
    蕭廂淇(2019)。芳香療法在壓力舒緩應用之研究,碩士論文。取自臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統。https://hdl.handle.net/11296 /7srv55
    謝佳容、蕭伃伶、劉淑娟(2007)。老年住民在長期照護機構中的心理健康促進與情緒調適。長期照護雜誌,11(2),132-140。
    謝旻儕、林語瑄(2017)。虛擬實境與擴增實境在醫護實務與教育之應用。護理雜誌64(6),12-18
    嚴婉甄(2007)。虛擬及現地自然情境之注意力、恢復力、臨場感及心理、生理反應。未發表之碩士論文,臺灣大學,臺北市。
    蘆娟(2011)。虛擬實境系統的分類。企業導報,4,277。
    蘇貞瑛(2012)。芳香療法及健康照護。科學發展,469,26-31。
    蘇晟愷(2017)。AR/VR 2017面面觀-VR市場近期發展與重要應用。
    https://ictjournal.itri.org.tw/Epaper/170.html。

    Adelina Moura, Ana Amelia Carvalho(2012), The Arcs Model to Motivate Language Learning Through SMS and Podcasts.Journal of Communications Research 4(4),385-406。
    Aday, R.H. (2003) Identifying important linkages between successful aging and senior center participation. The Joint Conference of the National Council on Aging/ American Society on Aging, Chicago, 12-16 March 2003.
    Alhassan, R. (2014). The Effect of Project-Based Learning and the ARCS Motivational Model on Students, Achievement and Motivation to Acquire Database Program Skills. Journal of Education and Practice. 5 (21), 158-164.
    Amarpreet Singh Arora,Archana Sharma (2018). Integrating the ARCS model with instruction for enhanced learning. Journal of Engineering Education Transformations, 32(1) ,85-89.
    Annamalai, S.(2016).Implementing ARCS model to design a motivating multimedia e-book for polytechnic ESL classroom. Journal of Telecommunication, Electronic and Computer Engineering,8(8),57–60.
    Arora, A. S., Sharma, A. (2018). Integrating the ARCS Model with Instruction for Enhanced Learning. Journal of Engineering Education Transformations, 32 (1), 85-89.
    Azuma, R. T. (1997). A survey of augmented reality. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 6(4), 355–385.
    Anderson, C., Balchin M.L.,& Smith M.K. (2000), Evaluation of massage with essential oils on childhood atopic eczema . Physio therapy research , 14,pp452-456.
    Ashwin Belle, Rosalyn Hobson Hargraves, and Kayvan Najarian(2012) . An Automated Optimal Engagement and Attention Detection System Using Electrocardiogram. Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine doi:10.1155/2012/528781, pp. 1-12
    Andrew Wilcock , CathAnn Manderson, Rebecca Weller, George Walker, Diane Carr, Anne-Marie Carey, Debbie Broadhurst, June Mew, Edzard Ernst.(2004),Dose Aromatherapy massage benefit patients with cancer attending a specialist palliative care day centre? Palliat Med . 18(4): 287-90
    Baek-Hwan Cho, Jeonghun Ku, Dong Pyo Jang, Saebyul Kim, Yong Hee Lee, In Young Kim, Jang Han Lee, and Sun I. Kim (2002). The effect of virtual reality cognitive training for attention enhancement. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 5(2), 129-37.
    Betts, T. (2003), Use of aromatherapy (with or without hypnosis) in the treatment of intractable epilepsy a two-year follow-up study. Seizure, 12(8), p534-538.
    Burdea, G.(1993).Virtual Reality System and Application. Eletro`93 International Conference. NJ:Short Course.
    Bush, J. (2008). Viability of virtual reality exposure therapy as a treatment alternative. Computers in Human Behavior, 24(3), 1032–1040. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2007.03.006
    C. Shawn Green & Daphne Bavelier (2003). Action video game modifies visual selective attention. Nature, 423(6939), 534-537.
    Chen YJ, Chengd FC, Shih Y, et al(2008). Inhalation of neroli essential oil and its anxiolytic effects. J Complement Integr Med, 5(1), 1-10.
    Chang , So-Young(2008), Effects of Aroma Hand Massage on Pain, State Anxiety and Depression in Hospice Patients with Terminal Cancer . Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing, 38(4), 493-502.
    Chiaki Takagi, Saori Nakagawa, Naoto Hirata, Shin Ohta, Sadahiko shimoeda (2019). Evaluating the effect of aromatherapy on a stress marker in healthy subjects. Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Care and Sciences
    5(18) , 1-7.
    Clive Holmes, Vivienne Hopkins, Christine Hensford, Vanessa MacLaughlin, David Wilkinson, Henry Rosenvinge(2002) . Lavender oil as a treatment for agitated behavior in severe dementia:A placebo controlled study.
    International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 17(4),305-308.
    Cino, Kathleen (2014), Aromatherapy Hand Massage for Older Adults With Chronic Pain Living in Long-Term Care. Journal of Holistic Nursing, 32(4),304-313.
    Cobb, C. (2013). The use of an animated pedagogical agent as a mnemonic device to promote learning and motivation in online education. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Walden University, Texas.
    Chang-Yi Yen, Kwan-Hwa Lin, Ming-Hsia Hu, Ruey-Meei Wu, Tung-Wu Lu, Chia-Hwa Lin(2011). Effects of virtual reality–augmented balance training on sensory organization and attentional demand for postural control in people with Parkinson disease: A randomized controlled trial response. Physical Therapy, 91(6):862-74.
    Davis, C., Cooke, M., Holzhauser, K., Jones , M., & Finucane, J. (2005), The effect of aromatherapy massage with music on the stress and anxiety levels of emergency nurses. Australasian Emergency Nursing Journal, 8(1-2),pp43-50.
    Darren Flynn, Paul van Schaik, Tim Blackman, Clive Femcott, Brian Hobbs, and Carlos Calderon(2003). Developing a virtual reality -based methodology for people with dementia: a feasibility study. Cyberpsychology Behavior. 6(6):591–611. https://doi.org/10.1089/109493103322725379
    Evangelia Baka, Mike Kentros, George Papagiannakis, Nadia agnenat- Thalmann (2018). Virtual Reality Rehabilitation Based on Neurologic Music Therapy: A Qualitative Preliminary Clinical Study. International Conference on Learning and Collaboration Technologies, LCT 2018: Learning and Collaboration Technologies. Learning and Teaching,113-127.
    Fatemeh Sadat Izadi-Avanji, Sedigheh Miranzadeh, Hossein Akbari, Neda Mirbagher Ajorpaz, Darius Ahmadi(2019). Effects of aromatherapy with lavender essential oil on sleep quality among retired older adults. Journal of Research & Health Social Development & Health Promotion Research Center,9(5), 437- 442
    Gutiérrez, F., Pierce, J., Vergara, V. M., Coulter, R., Saland, L., Caudell, T. P., et al. (2007). The effect of degree of immersion upon learning performance in virtual reality simulations for medical education. Studies in Health Technology and Informatics 125, 155-160.
    Geoffrey C.Kite, Wilbert Hetterscheid, M.J.Lewis, Peter Boyce, Jeff Ollerton, E. Cocklin, Anita Diaz, Monique S. J Simmonds(1998). Inflorescence odours and pollinators of Arum and Amorphophallus (Araceae).In: S.J.Owens and Rudall(Editors). Reproductive Biology. 295-315. Royal Botanic Gardens,Kew.
    Gong M; Dong H; Tang Y; Huang W; Lu F(2020) , Effects of aromatherapy on anxiety: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, Journal of affective disorders, 274, 1028-1040.
    Herbert Jasper、Wilder Penfield(1949). Electroeorticograms in man: Effect of voluntary movement upon the electrical activity of the preeentral gyrus. Arehiv fiir Psychiatrie und Zeitsehrift eurologie,183,163-174.
    Hermann Astleitner, Peter Lintner(2004) The effects of arcs-strategies on self -regulated learning with instructional texts. e-Journal of Instructional Science and Technology 7, No. 1, 2004
    Horwitz, E.K., Horwitz, M.B., and Cope, J. (1986) Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety. Modern Language Journal,70, 125-132.
    Hwang, J., & Lee, S. (2017). The effect of virtual reality program on the cognitive function and balance of the people with mild cognitive impairment. Journal of physical therapy science, 29(8), 1283–1286. doi:10.1589/jpts.29.1283
    Hongratanaworakit T.(2011). Aroma-therapeutic effects of massage blended essential oils on humans. Nat Prod Commun. 6(8),199-204.
    Itai,T.,Amayasu,H.,Kuribayashi,M.,Kawamura,N.,Okada,M.,Momose,A.,Tateya ma,T.,Narumi, K.,Uematsu,W.,& Kaneko,S.(2000). Psychological effects of aromatherapy on chronic hemodialysis patients. Psychiatry and clinical Neurosciences,54(4),393-397.
    Ivan Gerlic,. and Norbert Jausovec(2001). “Differences in EEG Power and Coherence Measures Related to the Type of Presentation: Text versus Multimedia,” Journal of Educational Computing Research,25, 177-195.
    Jean-Francois Esculier,Joanie Vaudrin,Patrick Bériault, Karine Gagnon, Louis E Tremblay (2012). Home-based balance training programme using Wii Fit with balance board for Parkinsons's disease: a pilot study. J Rehabil Med,44(2), 144-50. doi: 10.2340/ 16501977-0922.
    John E.Newman、Terry A.Beehr(1979). Personal And Organizational Strategies For Handling Job Stress: A Review Of Research And Opinion. Personnel Psychology [0031-5826], 32(1) ,1 -43.
    José Eduardo Pompeu, Felipe Augusto Dos Santos Mendes, Keyte Guedes da Silva, Alexandra Modenesi Lobo, Tatiana de Paula Oliveira, Andrea Peterson Zomignani, Maria Elisa Pimentel Piemonte(2012). Effect of Nintendo Wii™-based motor and cognitive training on activities of daily living in patients with Parkinson's disease: a randomised clinical trial. Physiotherapy,98(3), 196-204.
    Keller, J. M. (1987). Development and use of the ARCS Model of instructional design. Journal of Instructional Development, 10(3), 2-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02905780
    Keller, J. M. (1999). Motivation in cyber learning environments. Educational Technology International,1(1), 7-30.
    Keller, J. M. (2008). First principles of motivation to learn and e-learning. Distance Education, 29(2), 175-185. https://doi.org/10.1080/01587910802154970
    Kim, M. J., Nam, E. S., & Paik, S. I. (2005), The effects aromatherapy on pain depression and life satisfaction of arthritis patients. Taehan Kanho Hakhoe Chi, 35(1),186-194.
    Kühnapfel, U., Çakmak, H. K. & Maass, H. (2000). Endoscopic Surgery, Training using Virtual Reality and Deformable Tissue Simulation. Computers & Graphics,24(5), 671-682.
    Kimberly K. Daugherty(2019) ARCS motivation model application in a pharmacy elective. Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning ,11, (12), 1274-1280.
    Kuriyama, H., Watanabe, S., Nakaya, T., Shigemori, I., Kita, M., Yoshida, N., Masaki, D., Tadai, T., Ozasa, K., Fuhui, K.,& Imanishi, J. (2005), Immunological and psychological benefits of aromatherapy massage. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2(2), pp179-184.
    Kurosh Jodaki , Kamel Abdi , Masoumeh-Sadat Mousavi , Razieh Mokhtari , Hamid Asayesh , Vijayaraddi Vandali , Mohamad Golitaleb (2020). Effect of rosa damascene aromatherapy on anxiety and sleep quality in cardiac patients: A randomized controlled trial. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice 42 , 101299
    Lazarus, R.S. (1966) Psychological Stress and the Coping Process. McGraw-Hill, New York.
    Lee, T. F. Diana. (1997). Chinese elderly people’s perceptions of nursing homes in Hong Kong. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 6, 333–334.
    Lee, T. F. Diana, Woo Jean, Mackenzie E. Ann (2002). A review of older people's experiences with residential care placement. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 37(1), 19-27.
    Lehrner, J., Marwinski, G., Lehr, S., Johren, P., & Deecke, L.(2005), Ambient odors of orange and lavender reduce anxiety and improve mood in a dental office. Physiology & Behavior, 86(1-2), 92-95.
    Lewith, T. G., Godfrey, D. A., & Prescott, P. (2005),A single-blinded, randomized pilot study evaluating the aroma of lavandula augustifolia as a treatment for mild insomnia. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 11 ( 4 ), 631-637.
    Lindsley, D.B. and Wicke, J. (1974) The Electroencephalogram: Autonomous Electrical Activity in Man and Animals. Bioelectric Recording Techniques, 1, 3-83.
    Li, Y., Li, X., Ratcliffe, M., Liu, L., Qi, Y. and Liu, Q.(2011). A real-time EEG-based BCI System for Attention Recognition in Ubiquitous Environment., UAAII '11 Proceedings of 2011 international workshop on Ubiquitous affective awareness and intelligent interaction, pp.33-40
    Lu, J., Pan, Z., Lin, H., Zhang, M., & Shi, J. (2005). Virtual learning environment for medical education based on VRML and VTK. Computers & Graphics, 29(2), 283-288.
    Loureiro APC, Ribas CG, Zotz TGG, Chen R, Ribas F. (2012)Feasibility of virtual therapy in rehabilitation of Parkinson’s disease patients: Pilot study. Fisioterapia em Movimento,25, 659-666.
    Marko Suvajdzic, Azra Bihorac, Parisa Rashidi and Triton Ong.(2018). Virtual reality and human consciousness: The use of immersive environments in delirium therapy. Technoetic Arts: A Journal of Speculative Research , 16 (1), 75-83.
    Marwa Ahmad AbdelAziz,Hazem M.El-Bakry,Alaa El-Din Mohamed Riad,
    Mohammad Badr Senousy(2020). The impact of using virtual reality on student's motivation for operating systems course learning. Journal of E-Learning And Knowledge Society,16(02), 25-33
    M E Morris(2000). Movement disorders in people with Parkinson disease: a model for physical therapy. physical therapy, 80(6), 578-97.
    Monahan, T., McArdle, G., & Bertolotto, M. (2008). Virtual reality for collaborative e-learning. Computers & Education, 50(4), 1339-1353.
    Mirelman A, Maidan I, Herman T, Deutsch JE, Giladi N, Hausdorff JM.(2010) Virtual reality for gait training: Can it induce motor learning to enhance complex walking and reduce fall risk in patients with Parkinson’s disease? J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 66A:234-240.
    Milman, Natalie B; Wessmiller, Jeffrey(2016). Motivating the Online Learner Using Keller's ARCS Model. Distance Learning; Greenwich, 13(2), 67-71.
    Man DW, Chung JC, Lee GY. (2012), Evaluation of a virtual reality-based memory training programme for Hong Kong Chinese older adults with questionable dementia: a pilot study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry, 27(5), 513–520.
    Miloff, A., Lindner, P., Hamilton, W., Reuterskiöld, L., Andersson, G., & Carlbring, P. (2016). Single-session gamified virtual reality exposure therapy for spider phobia vs. traditional exposure therapy: Study protocol for a randomized controlled non-inferiority trial. Trials, 17(1), 60.
    Myung-Haeng Hur, Yun Seok Yang, Myeong Soo Lee (2008). Aromatherapy massage effects menopausal symptoms in Korean climacteric women:a pilot controlled clinical trial. Evid-Based Complement Alternat Med,
    5(3), 325-328.
    Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2004). Abnormal Psychology(3th ed). New York, NY:McGraw-Hill.
    Oleson, M.﹐Heading, C.﹐Shadick﹐K.M. & Bistodeau﹐J.A.(1994). Quality of life in long-stay institutions in England:nurse and resident perceptions. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 20, 23-32.
    Ortiz-Catalan, M., Guðmundsdóttir, R. A., Kristoffersen, M. B., Zepeda- Echavarria, A.,Caine-Winterberger, K., Kulbacka-Ortiz , K., Hermansson, L. (2016). Phantom motor execution facilitated by machine learning and augmented reality as treatment for phantom limb pain: A single group, clinical trial in patients with chronic intractable phantom limb pain. The Lancet, 388(10062), 2885–2894.
    Osumi, M., Ichinose, A., Sumitani, M., Wake, N., Sano, Y., Yozu, A., ... Morioka, S. (2017). Restoring movement representation and alleviating phantom limb pain through short-term neurorehabilitation with a virtual reality system. European Journal of Pain, 21(1), 140–147.
    Perry N, Perry E. (2006). Aromatherapy in the management of psychiatric disorders: clinical and neuropharmacological perspectives. CNS Drugs, 20(4), 257-280.
    Porter, L., Steers, R., & Lawler (1968). Organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and trunover among psychiatric technicians. Journal of applied psychology, 59,603-609.
    Ramie,A; I,Rajiani(2019),ARCS Module (Attention, Relevance, Confidence,
    Satisfaction) to Increase Classroom Motivation for Pregnant Women at Public Health center. Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development, 10(1):401-405.
    Ro, Y. J., Ha, H. C., Kim, C. G..,& Yeom, H. A. (2002),The effect of aromatherapy on pruritis in patients undergoing hemo-dialysis. Dermatology Nursing, 14(4), pp231-239.
    R.M. Baños, E. Etchemendy, D. Castilla, A. García-Palacios, S. Quero, C. Botella(2012). Positive mood induction procedures for virtual environments designed for elderly people. Interacting with Computers, 24(3), 131-138.
    Ro, Y. J., Ha, H. C., Kim, C. G..,& Yeom, H. A. (2002),The effect of aromatherapy on pruritis in patients undergoing hemo-dialysis. Dermatology Nursing, 14(4), 231-239.
    Saeki, Y., & Tanaka, Y. L. (2005),Effect of in haling fragrances on relieving pricking pain. International Journal of Aromatherapy, 15(2), 74-80.
    Silvia Serino, Elisa Pedroli, Cosimo Tuena, Gianluca De Leo, Marco Stramba-Badiale, Karine Goulene, Noemi G. Mariotti and Giuseppe Riva.( 2017), A novel virtual reality-based training protocol for the enhancement of the "mental frame syncing" in individuals with Alzheimer's disease: A development -of - concept trial. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience ,9, 240.
    Satou,Tadaaki; Chikama,Mizuki; Chikama, Yoshiko; Hachigo, Masato; Urayama,Haruna; Murakami,Shio; Hayashi,Shinichiro; Koikem, Kazuo (2013), Effect of Aromatherapy Massage on Elderly Patients Under Long-Term Hospitalization in Japan. Journal of Alternative & Complementary Medicine,19(3), 235-237.
    Serkan Dinçer(2020).The effects of materials based on ARCS Model on motivation: A meta-analysis. Ilkogretim Online - Elementary Education Online, 2020; 19 (2), 1016-1042
    S.Taavoni, F.Darsareh, S.Joolaee, H.Haghani (2013). The effect of aromatherapy massage on the psychological symptoms of
    postmenopausal Iranian women. Complementary Therapies in Medicine,21, 158-163.
    Serkan Izmirli, Ozden Sahin Izmirli(2015) Factors motivating preservice teachers for online learning within the context of arcs motivation model. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education-Tojde , 16(2 ), 5.
    http://ilkogretim-online.org.tr
    Smith, G. S., Housen, P., Yafee, K., Ruff, R., Kennison, R., Mahncke, H., & Zelinski, E. (2009). A Cognitive Training Program Based on Principles of Brain Plasticity: Results from the Improvement in Memory with Plasticity-based Adaptive Cognitive Training (IMPACT) Study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 57(4), 594-603.
    Susie M. Wilkinson, Sharon B. Love, Alex M. Westcombe, Maureen A. Gambles, Caroline C. Burgess, Anna Cargill, Teresa Young, E. Jane Maher, and Amanda J. Ramirez.(2007). Effectiveness of Aromatherapy Massage in the Management of Anxiety and Depression in Patients With Cancer: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Clinical Oncology,25(5),532-539
    Takahiro Itai, Hideaki Amayasu, Michito Kuribayashi, Naoko Kawamura, Motohiro Okada, Akishi Momose, Toshiko Tateyama, Kumiko Narumi, Waka Uematsu, Sunao Kaneko(2000). Psychological effects of aromatherapy on chronichemodialysis patients. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences , 54, 393–397
    Tiago Costa Goes, Fabrício Dias Antunes, Péricles Barreto Alves, and Flavia Teixeira-Silva(2012). Effect of Sweet Orange Aroma on Experimental Anxiety in Humans. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 18(8) https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2011.0551
    Valeria Manera, Emmanuelle Chapoulie, Jérémy Bourgeois, Rachid Guerchouche, Renaud David, Jan Ondrej, George Drettakis, Philippe Robert(2016). A feasibility study with image-based rendered virtual reality in patients with mild cognitive impairment and dementia. PLoS One. 11(3), e0151487.
    Vitelli, R. (2016). Education and the Aging Brain: Can lifelong education be used to hold off cognitive decline in older adults? Psychology Today. Retrieved from https:// www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/
    mediaspotlight/201607/education-and-the-aging-brain.
    Wendy Moyle, Cindy Jones, Toni Dwan, and Tanya Petrovich.(2017). Effectiveness of a Virtual Reality Forest on People With Dementia: A Mixed Methods Pilot Study. Gerontologist. 58(3):478–487.
    Wah, L. K. (2015). The effects of instruction using the arcs model andGeoGebra on upper secondary students’motivation and achievement in learning combined transformation. Asia Pacific Journal of Educators and Education, 30, 141–158.
    Xiaowei Li, Qinglin Zhao, Li Liu, Hong Peng, Yanbing Qi Chengsheng Mao, Zheng Fang, Quanying Liu(2010). Improve Affective Learning with EEG Approach. Journal of Computing and Informatics, formerly:
    Computers and Artificial Intelligence., 29,.557 570.
    Ya-Ping Yang, Chi-Jane Wang, Jing-Jy Wang. (2016). Effect of aromatherapy massage on agitation and depressive mood in individuals with dementia. Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 42( 9), 38-46.
    Yi-Hsing Chang Pei-Rul Lin, You-Te Lu(2020) Development of a Kinect- Based English Learning System Based on Integrating the ARCS Model with Situated Learning. Sustainability, 12(5), 2037,1-16. http://www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainability
    Zhang, W. (2017). Design a civil engineering micro-lecture platform based on the ARCS model perspective. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (IJET), 12(1), 107–118.
    https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v12i01.6487

    無法下載圖示 本全文未授權公開
    QR CODE