透過您的圖書館登入
IP:3.145.184.89
  • 學位論文

不同植生條件渠槽沖蝕之研究

A Study of Erodibility on Channel with Different Vegetation

指導教授 : 鄒禕

摘要


本研究將影響天然渠道中流水沖蝕土壤之因子分為水理特性及植生特性。水理特性之六項參數為流速V、流體密度ρ、流體黏滯係數μ、重力加速度g、水深h及過水面積Aw,而植生特性之四項參數為植株特徵面積Ag、曼寧係數n、根密度RD及根長密度RLD。本研究並利用因次分析推導出六項無因次參數,以建立各參數與土壤沖蝕度相互間之關係。試驗以百喜草作為植生材料,設計3種植栽密度及9種植栽天數,進行根物理量及抗拉力試驗與渠槽沖蝕試驗。研究結果顯示根系為影響土壤沖蝕之關鍵參數,至少可保護整體樣本80%,此外,葉片也可保護10%之表土樣本。當百喜草植栽天數達到50天後,在每一立方公尺土體內,根重超過2 g或根長超過100 m,植生保護土壤之效能便開始產生,隨著植栽時間愈久,根抗拉力急速上升,土壤沖蝕度也明顯地驟降。植生特性參數與土壤沖蝕度之關係中,物理和無因次參數均與土壤沖蝕度呈現乘冪之趨勢。最後,利用在不同植生條件下之植生特性參數與土壤沖蝕度建立迴歸方程式。

關鍵字

植生 抗拉力 渠槽沖蝕

並列摘要


This study divides the effective factors of soil erosion on the nature channel into two characteristics, hydraulic and vegetation. Hydraulic factors include flow velocity, flow density, flow viscosity, gravity, depth and cross section area, while vegetation factors include characteristic area of plant, manning resistance coefficient, root density and root length density. The study also deduced six dimensionless parameters by dimensional analysis, to build up the relationship between those parameters and soil erodibility. The experimental data collected from a straight flume with bahia grass on channel bed, which was set up by 3 different planted density and 9 different growing period. The results show that roots are the key parameter to affect soil erosion. Roots strength can protect the sample over 80 percent, while leaves can only protect the top soil about 10 percent. Once root density exceeds 2 g/m³ or root length density exceeds 100 m/m³ the soil with bahia grass can protect soil effectively from flow erosion. With the growing day longer, root’s pulling resistance lift rapidly, and soil erodibility decrease obviously. The result also show that the soil erodibility has a power relationship with physics and dimensionless parameters. Finally, the study established the regression equations between vegetation parameters and soil erodibility in different vegetation conditions.

參考文獻


11. 王裕文,2000,「草坪草之生態、分佈與利用」,中華民國雜草學會,第21卷,第1期,第1-16頁。
13. 吳正雄,1993,「樹根力與坡面穩定關係之研究」,中華水土保持學報,第24卷,第2期,第23-37頁。
18. 林俐玲,蔡義誌,游韋菁,2008,「礫石敷蓋與混合對土壤沖蝕影響之研究」,中華水土保持學報,第39卷,第2期,第195-206頁。
20. 許盈松,許裕雄,林信輝,林傳茂,2005,「河道種植糙率推估資料庫之建置與應用」,中華水土保持學報,第36卷,第3期,第281-292頁。
21. 鄭慶生,1992,「陡坡地芒果園百喜草覆蓋及敷蓋之研究」,中華農業研究,第41卷,第2期,第70-78頁。

被引用紀錄


黃春霖(2014)。三種乾砌石工法於不同流速下淤砂作用之研究〔碩士論文,中原大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201400124
陳慶恆(2013)。應用防沖蝕氈於渠床穩定之研究〔碩士論文,國立屏東科技大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2013.00045

延伸閱讀