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| 研究生： |
陳融 Chen, Rong |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱： |
不同生物炭施用方式對坡地果園土壤性質之影響 Effects of different application methods of biochar on soil properties on slopeland orchards |
| 指導教授： |
簡士濠
Jien, Shih-Hao |
| 學位類別： |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱： |
工學院 - 水土保持系所 Department of Soil and Water Conservation |
| 畢業學年度： | 108 |
| 語文別： | 中文 |
| 論文頁數： | 62 |
| 中文關鍵詞： | 生物炭 、深層環施 、表土混拌 、坡地果園 |
| 外文關鍵詞： | Biochar, Deep-banded application in rows, Topsoil-mixing, Slope orchard |
| DOI URL： | http://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST202000072 |
| 相關次數： | 點閱：23 下載：0 |
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本研究使用700℃熱裂解之生物炭(Biochar)及壤土為研究材料，其試驗設計處理有深層環施(deep-banded application in rows,AR)及表土混合施用(topsoil-mixing,TM)並分別與未施用生物炭之試區比較(CK)，而果樹以荔枝及芒果為實驗對象，監測其一年間之土壤溫度、含水量、電導度、土壤沖蝕量，各季節之土壤中有機碳、總氮、有效性氮、有效性磷，以及測量果樹之生長勢以此評估生物炭施用於坡地果園之效益。
監測結果顯示施用生物炭後，土壤有機碳及銨態氮含量分別提升3.5-15%及1.7-14%，電導度增加47-78%，而土壤沖蝕量則降低12-20%。但施用生物炭後對其果樹生長無效益，甚至較對照組之生長慢，添加生物炭之果重、果長及果寬皆較對照組減少，分別減少1.6-45%、0.8-11%及2.1-18%，而其糖度及酸度則以表土混合施用最高，分別增加43.4%及38.2%。綜合結果，其生物炭較好之施用方式為深層環施，但對其果樹品質之影響較好為表土混合施用。
The study used a wood biochar pyrolized with 700℃ as a soil amendment to the soil of slopeland orchards including orchards of litchi and mango. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different biochar applied ways including “deep-banded application in rows (AR) and topsoil-mixing (TM) on soil properties in the orchards. In our study, soil temperature, water content, electrical conductivity, and soil erosion amounts were monitored for one year. During the experimental period, we analysis organic carbon, total-N, NH4+-N, NO3- -N, Av. P every season in this year. Furthermore, we investigated the growth potential of fruit plants and fruit quality to find a suitable application method of biochar addition on slopeland orchards.
The results displayed that the contents of organic carbon and NH4+-N increases by 3.5-15% and 1.7-14%, respectively, compared with the control in two orchards. Additionally, as comparison with the control, electrical conductivity (EC) increased by 47-78% and soil erosion reduced by 12-20% in biochar-treatments. However, biochar application on the orchards seems not to be a well strategy for fruit growing and quality regardless application methods. The weight, length, and width of fruit reduced by 1.6-45%, 0.8-11%, and 2.1-18%, respectively, compared with the control. Regarding the fruit quality, TM seems to be a better way for sweetness and sourness of fruit, which increased 43.4% and 38.2%, respectively, compared with the control. As a whole, AR of the biochar might be the better application way for the soil properties, but TM seems to be better for fruit quality on slopeland orchards.
目錄
摘要 I
Abstract II
表目錄 V
圖目錄 VI
第一章 前言 1
第二章 前人研究 3
一、 生物炭(biochar) 3
(一)、 添加生物炭對土壤物理性質之影響 3
(二)、 添加生物炭對土壤化學性質之影響 3
(三)、 生物炭施用方法 4
(四)、 添加生物探對作物產量之影響 4
二、 沖蝕對土壤養分之影響 4
三、 添加生物炭於農地土壤對土壤沖蝕及地表逕流之影響 5
第三章 研究材料與方法 6
一、 研究流程 6
二、 試驗區域 7
三、 試驗區域之土壤基本性質 7
(一)、 土壤物理性質分析 7
四、 供試用生物炭燒製 21
五、 供試生物炭基本理化性質分析 22
六、 施用生物炭於坡耕地之影響 23
(一)、 試驗地點 23
(二)、 試驗處理設計 24
(三)、 供試試區 24
(四)、 施用方式 24
(五)、 試驗設計 26
(六)、 Data Logger 29
(七)、 生長勢之調查 29
七、 統計分析 29
第四章 結果與討論 30
一、 試區之土壤及生物炭之基本理化性質 30
(一)、 試區土壤 30
(二)、 供試生物炭 30
二、 施用生物炭對坡地果園之有效性養份於各季節之影響 32
(一)、 有機碳 32
(二)、 總氮 34
(三)、 銨態氮 36
(四)、 硝酸態氮 38
(五)、 有效磷 40
三、 施用生物炭對土壤物理狀態之影響 42
(一)、 土壤溫度 42
(二)、 電導度 44
(三)、 現地含水量 46
(四)、 施用生物炭於坡地果園對土壤沖蝕之影響 48
(五)、 施用生物炭對果樹枝生長勢及果重影響 50
第五章 結論與建議 55
參考文獻 56
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