近年來，隨著飲食習慣逐漸西式化、精緻飲食增加及作息不正常，過多的能量逐漸堆積體內，導致脂肪組織的增生，使世界上罹患肥胖的人口正逐年上升，並且肥胖會提高其他併發症的發生機率，而根據研究指出，腸道中的腸道菌群之失調與人體的肥胖有一定的相關性。紫檀芪 (Pterostilbene, Pt) 和其衍生物3'-hydroxypterostilbene (OHPt) 是一種天然存在的芪類化合物，來源於多種天然植物，像是葡萄、花生及藍莓等，具有極高的生物活性，並在肥胖老鼠中有改善其腸道菌相的功用。故本研究為利用糞便菌叢移植模式探討Pt及其衍生物OHPt對於肥胖小鼠及腸道發炎反應的影響。本實驗組別總共分為7組：C組：基礎飲食；C-Pt組：基礎飲食+50 mg/kg/day Pt；C-OHPt組：C+50 mg/kg/day OHPt；HFD組：高脂飲食組；HFD-F-C組：高脂飲食組+糞便來自C組小鼠；HFD-F-Pt組：高脂飲食組+糞便來自C-Pt組小鼠；HFD-F-OHPt組：高脂飲食組+糞便來自C-OHPt組小鼠。實驗結果顯示，HFD-F-OHPt組小鼠血清中總膽固醇及三酸甘油酯含量明顯低於HFD-F-C組及HFD-F-Pt組，且在肝臟中脂質的累積也有明顯的降低，與HFD組相比具有顯著性差異 (p<0.05)。除此之外，在發炎指標性物質LPS方面亦具有降低發炎效果，並在西方墨點法中的數據顯示HFD-F-OHPt組降低發炎蛋白的表現優於HFD-F-C組及HFD-F-Pt組。根據以上結果可以得知，HFD-F-OHPt組的處理對於因肥胖而造成血管及肝臟的脂肪堆積，具有改善的效果，並能降低因肥胖而造成的發炎反應，且改善效果較優於HFD-F-C組及HFD-F-Pt組，後續實驗將會分析其糞便菌相，探討其改善肥胖之關鍵菌種，做為抗肥胖的益生質或益生菌保健食品之開發。

In recent years, with the gradual westernization of eating habits, exquisite diet and abnormal work and rest, too much energy gradually accumulates in the body, leading to the proliferation of adipose tissue, making the world's obese population increasing year by year, and obesity will increase the incidence of complications. According to the research, it is pointed out that the imbalance of intestinal flora in the intestine is related to obesity.
Red sandalwood stilbene and its derivative 3'- hydroxypterostilbene red sandalwood stilbene are natural stilbene compounds derived from a variety of natural plants, such as grapes, peanuts and blueberries. They have high bioavailability and can improve the intestinal microflora of obese mice. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of pterostilbene and its derivatives on obese mice and intestinal inflammation by using the fecal flora transplantation model. The experimental group is divided into 7 groups：C group：basic diet, C-Pt group：basic diet +50 mg/kg/day pterostilbene, C-OHPt group：basic diet +50 mg/kg/day 3'-hydroxypterostilbene, HFD group：high-fat diet group, HFD-F-C group：high-fat diet group + feces from group C mice, HFD-F-Pt group：high-fat diet group + feces from group C-Pt mice, HFD-F-OHPt group：high-fat diet group +feces from group C-OHPt mice. According to the experimental results, the HFD-F-OHPt group decreased the total cholesterol and triglyceride in serum better than the HFD-F-C group and the HFD-F-Pt group, and significantly reduced the lipid accumulation in the liver. Compared with the HFD group, the HFD-F-OHPt group had a significant difference, and the inflammatory index substance LPS had a lower inflammatory effect. The data in the Western ink dot method showed that the HFD-F-OHPt group decreased the inflammatory response better than the HFD-F-C group and the HFD-F-C group. According to the above results, HFD-F-OHPt group can improve the fat accumulation in blood vessels and liver caused by obesity, and reduce the inflammatory reaction caused by obesity, and the improvement effect is better than that of HFD-F-Pt group and HFD-F-C group. Subsequent experiments will analyze the bacteria in feces, and explore the key bacteria to improve obesity, as a prebiotic or probiotic health food development for anti-obesity.

Akinwumi, B. C., Bordun, K. M., & Anderson, H. D. (2018). Biological Activities of Stilbenoids. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(3).
An, L., Wirth, U., Koch, D., Schirren, M., Drefs, M., Koliogiannis, D., Nieß, H., Andrassy, J., Guba, M., Bazhin, A. V., Werner, J., &.Kühn, F. (2022). The role of gut-derived lipopolysaccharides and the intestinal barrier in fatty liver diseases. Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery, 26(3), 671-683.
André, P., Laugerette, F., & Féart, C. (2019). Metabolic endotoxemia: A potential underlying mechanism of the relationship between dietary fat intake and risk for cognitive impairments in humans? Nutrients, 11(8).
Anstee, Q. M., Reeves, H. L., Kotsiliti, E., Govaere, O., & Heikenwalder, M. (2019). From NASH to HCC: current concepts and future challenges. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 16(7), 411-428.
Bartolini, I., Risaliti, M., Tucci, R., Muiesan, P., Ringressi, M. N., Taddei, A., & Amedei, A. (2021). Gut microbiota and immune system in liver cancer: Promising therapeutic implication from development to treatment. World journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology, 13(11), 1616-1631.
Bays, H. E., Toth, P. P., Kris-Etherton, P. M., Abate, N., Aronne, L. J., Brown, W. V., Gonzalez-Campoy, J. M., Jones, S. R., Kumar, R., Forge, R. L., & Samuel, V. T. (2013). Obesity, adiposity, and dyslipidemia: a consensus statement from the National Lipid Association. Journal of Clinical Lipidology, 7(4), 304-383.
Beale, E. G. (2013). Insulin signaling and insulin resistance. Journal of investigative medicine : The official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research, 61(1), 11-14.
Benech, N., & Sokol, H. (2020). Fecal microbiota transplantation in gastrointestinal disorders: time for precision medicine. Genome medicine, 12(1), 58-58.
Bradley, J. R. (2008). TNF-mediated inflammatory disease. The Journal of Pathology, 214(2), 149-160.
Cammarota, G., Ianiro, G., Tilg, H., Rajilić-Stojanović, M., Kump, P., Satokari, R., Sokol, H., Arkkila, P., Pintus, C., Hart, A., Segal, J., Aloi, M., Masucci, L., Molinaro, A., Scaldaferri, F., Gasbarrini, G., Lopez-Sanroman, A., Link, A., Groot, P. D., Vos, W. M. D., Högenauer, C., Malfertheiner, P., Mattila, E., Milosavljević, T., Nieuwdorp, M., Sanguinetti, S., Simren, M., Gasbarrini, A., & European, F. M. T. W. G. (2017). European consensus conference on faecal microbiota transplantation in clinical practice. Gut, 66(4), 569-580.
Cani, P. D., Amar, J., Iglesias, M. A., Poggi, M., Knauf, C., Bastelica, D., Neyrinck, A. M., Fava, F., Tuohy, K. M., Chabo, C., Waget, A., Delmée, E., Cousin, B., Sulpice, T., Chamontin, B., Ferrières, J, Tanti, J-F., Gibson, G. R., Casteilla, L., Delzenne, N. M., Alessi, M. C., & Burcelin, R. m. (2007). Metabolic endotoxemia initiates obesity and insulin resistance. Diabetes, 56(7), 1761-1772.
Chae, B. S. (2018). Pretreatment of low-dose and super-low-dose lps on the production of in vitro lps-induced inflammatory mediators. Toxicological Research, 34(1), 65-73.
Chatterjee, K., AlSharif, D., Mazza, C., Syar, P., Al Sharif, M., & Fata, J. E. (2018). Resveratrol and Pterostilbene Exhibit Anticancer Properties Involving the Downregulation of HPV Oncoprotein E6 in Cervical Cancer Cells. Nutrients, 10(2).
Chen, C. C., Lin, M. W., Liang, C. J., & Wang, S. H. (2016). The anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of eupafolin in lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in Raw264.7 macrophages. PLoS One, 11(7), e0158662.
Cheng, T. C., Lai, C. S., Chung, M. C., Kalyanam, N., Majeed, M., Ho, C. T., Ho, J. S., & Pan, M. H. (2014). Potent anti-cancer effect of 3'-hydroxypterostilbene in human colon xenograft tumors. PLoS One, 9(11), e111814.
Cobbina, E., & Akhlaghi, F. (2017). Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) - pathogenesis, classification, and effect on drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters. Drug metabolism reviews, 49(2), 197-211.
da Silva Rosa, S. C., Nayak, N., Caymo, A. M., & Gordon, J. W. (2020). Mechanisms of muscle insulin resistance and the cross-talk with liver and adipose tissue. Physiological reports, 8(19), e14607-e14607.
Didion, S. P. (2017). Cellular and Oxidative Mechanisms Associated with interleukin-6 signaling in the vasculature. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 18(12).
Donaldson, G. P., Lee, S. M., & Mazmanian, S. K. (2016). Gut biogeography of the bacterial microbiota. Nature reviews. Microbiology, 14(1), 20-32.
Dowman, J. K., Tomlinson, J. W., & Newsome, P. N. (2010a). Pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 103(2), 71-83.
Dowman, J. K., Tomlinson, J. W., & Newsome, P. N. (2010b). Pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. QJM : Monthly Journal of the Association of Physicians, 103(2), 71-83.
Francque, S. M., Marchesini, G., Kautz, A., Walmsley, M., Dorner, R., Lazarus, J. V., Zelber-Sagi, S., Hallsworth, K., Busetto, L., Frühbeck, G., Dicker, D., Woodward, E., Korenjak, M., Willemse, J., Koek, G. H., Vinker, S., Ungan, M., Mendive, J. M., & Lionis, C. (2021). Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A patient guideline. JHEP reports : Innovation in Hepatology, 3(5), 100322-100322.
Grall, F. T., Prall, W. C., Wei, W., Gu, X., Cho, J. Y., Choy, B. K., Zerbini, L. F., Inan, M. S., Goldring, S. R., Gravallese, E. M., Goldring, M. B., Oettgen, P., & Libermann, T. A. (2005). The ets transcription factor ese-1 mediates induction of the cox-2 gene by lps in monocytes. The FEBS Journal, 272(7), 1676-1687.
Green, M., Arora, K., & Prakash, S. (2020). Microbial medicine: prebiotic and probiotic functional foods to target obesity and metabolic syndrome. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(8), 2890.
Guo, S. (2014). Insulin signaling, resistance, and the metabolic syndrome: insights from mouse models into disease mechanisms. The Journal of Endocrinology, 220(2), T1-T23.
Haffner, S., & Taegtmeyer, H. (2003). Epidemic obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Circulation, 108(13), 1541-1545.
Horiuchi, T., Mitoma, H., Harashima, S., Tsukamoto, H., & Shimoda, T. (2010). Transmembrane TNF-alpha: structure, function and interaction with anti-TNF agents. Rheumatology (Oxford), 49(7), 1215-1228.
Ipsen, D. H., Lykkesfeldt, J., & Tveden-Nyborg, P. (2018). Molecular mechanisms of hepatic lipid accumulation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 75(18), 3313-3327.
Jang, D. I., Lee, A. H., Shin, H. Y., Song, H. R., Park, J. H., Kang, T. B., Lee, S. R., & Yang, S. H. (2021). The role of tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-α) in autoimmune disease and current tnf-α inhibitors in therapeutics. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(5).
Jiao, N., Baker, S. S., Nugent, C. A., Tsompana, M., Cai, L., Wang, Y., Buck, M. J., Genco, R. J., Baker, R. D., Zhu, R., & Zhu, L. Gut microbiome may contribute to insulin resistance and systemic inflammation in obese rodents: a meta-analysis. Physiol Genomics, 50(4), 244-254.
Khoruts, A., & Sadowsky, M. J. (2016). Understanding the mechanisms of faecal microbiota transplantation. Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology, 13(9), 508-516.
Kim, T. T., Parajuli, N., Sung, M. M., Bairwa, S. C., Levasseur, J., Soltys, C. M., . . . Dyck, J. R. B. (2018). Fecal transplant from resveratrol-fed donors improves glycaemia and cardiovascular features of the metabolic syndrome in mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, 315(4), E511-e519.
Klop, B., Elte, J. W., & Cabezas, M. C. (2013). Dyslipidemia in obesity: mechanisms and potential targets. Nutrients, 5(4), 1218-1240.
Kraemer, F. B., & Shen, W.-J. (2002). Hormone-sensitive lipase. Journal of Lipid Research, 43(10), 1585-1594.
La Spina, M., Galletta, E., Azzolini, M., Gomez Zorita, S., Parrasia, S., Salvalaio, M., Salmaso, A., & Biasutto, L. (2019). Browning effects of a chronic pterostilbene supplementation in mice fed a high-fat diet. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 20(21).
Lechner, M., Lirk, P., & Rieder, J. (2005). Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in tumor biology: the two sides of the same coin. Seminars in Cancer Biology, 15(4), 277-289.
Lewis, G. F., Carpentier, A., Adeli, K., & Giacca, A. (2002). Disordered fat storage and mobilization in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Endocrine Reviews, 23(2), 201-229.
Ley, R. E., Turnbaugh, P. J., Klein, S., & Gordon, J. I. (2006). Microbial ecology: human gut microbes associated with obesity. Nature, 444(7122), 1022-1023.
Li, N., Zuo, B., Huang, S., Zeng, B., Han, D., Li, T., Liu, T., Wu, Z., Wei, H., Zhao, J., & Wang, J. (2020). Spatial heterogeneity of bacterial colonization across different gut segments following inter-species microbiota transplantation. Microbiome, 8(1), 161-161.
Liu, T., Zhang, L., Joo, D., & Sun, S. C. (2017). NF-κB signaling in inflammation. Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, 2(1), 17023.
Müller, T. D., Blüher, M., Tschöp, M. H., & DiMarchi, R. D. (2022). Anti-obesity drug discovery: advances and challenges. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 21(3), 201-223.
Majeed, M., Bani, S., Natarajan, S., Pandey, A., & S, N. (2017). Evaluation of 90 day repeated dose oral toxicity and reproductive/developmental toxicity of 3'-hydroxypterostilbene in experimental animals. PLoS One, 12(3), e0172770.
McCormack, D., & McFadden, D. (2013). A review of pterostilbene antioxidant activity and disease modification. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2013, 575482.
Minghetti, L. (2004). Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in Inflammatory and degenerative brain diseases. Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology, 63(9), 901-910.
Mintz, J., Vedenko, A., Rosete, O., Shah, K., Goldstein, G., Hare, J. M., Ramasamy, R., & Arora, H. (2021). Current advances of nitric oxide in cancer and anticancer therapeutics. Vaccines (Basel), 9(2).
Mochida, S., Matsura, T., Yamashita, A., Horie, S., Ohata, S., Kusumoto, C., Nishida, T., Minami, Y., Inagaki, Y., Ishibe, Y., Nakada, J., Ohta, Y., & Yamada, K. (2007). Geranylgeranylacetone ameliorates inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in murine macrophages: inhibition of LPS binding to the cell surface. Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition, 41(2), 115-123.
Nassir, F., Rector, R. S., Hammoud, G. M., & Ibdah, J. A. (2015). Pathogenesis and prevention of hepatic steatosis. gastroenterology & hepatology, 11(3), 167-175.
Nava, G. M., Friedrichsen, H. J., & Stappenbeck, T. S. (2011). Spatial organization of intestinal microbiota in the mouse ascending colon. The ISME Journal, 5(4), 627-638.
Oeckinghaus, A., & Ghosh, S. (2009). The NF-kappaB family of transcription factors and its regulation. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology, 1(4), a000034.
Page, M. J., Kell, D. B., & Pretorius, E. (2022). The Role of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cell Signalling in Chronic Inflammation. Chronic Stress, 6, 24705470221076390.
Peng, Z., Xiang, J., He, Z., Zhang, T., Xu, L., Cui, B., Li, P., Huang, G., Ji, G., Nie, Y., Wu, K., Fan, D., & Zhang, F. (2016). Colonic transendoscopic enteral tubing: A novel way of transplanting fecal microbiota. Endoscopy international open, 4(6), E610-E613.
Petersen, M. C., & Shulman, G. I. (2018). Mechanisms of insulin action and insulin resistance. Physiological reviews, 98(4), 2133-2223.
Postic, C., & Girard, J. (2008). Contribution of de novo fatty acid synthesis to hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance: lessons from genetically engineered mice. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 118(3), 829-838.
Raetz, C. R., & Whitfield, C. (2002). Lipopolysaccharide endotoxins. Annual Review of Biochemistry, 71, 635-700.
Rudders, S., Gaspar, J., Madore, R., Voland, C., Grall, F., Patel, A., Pellacani, A., Perrella, M. A., Libermann, T. A., & Oettgen, P. (2001). ESE-1 is a novel transcriptional mediator of inflammation that interacts with NF-kappa B to regulate the inducible nitric-oxide synthase gene. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 276(5), 3302-3309.
Schenk, S., Saberi, M., & Olefsky, J. M. (2008). Insulin sensitivity: modulation by nutrients and inflammation. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 118(9), 2992-3002.
Schoeler, M., & Caesar, R. (2019). Dietary lipids, gut microbiota and lipid metabolism. Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, 20(4), 461-472.
Shi, N., Li, N., Duan, X., & Niu, H. (2017). Interaction between the gut microbiome and mucosal immune system. Military Medical Research, 4, 14.
Shin, H. J., Han, J. M., Choi, Y. S., & Jung, H. J. (2020). Pterostilbene suppresses both cancer cells and cancer stem-Like cells in cervical cancer with superior bioavailability to Resveratrol. Molecules, 25(1).
Singh, R. K., Kumar, P., & Mahalingam, K. (2017). Molecular genetics of human obesity: A comprehensive review. Comptes Rendus Biologies, 340(2), 87-108.
Song, Q., & Zhang, X. (2022). The Role of gut-liver axis in gut microbiome dysbiosis asociated NAFLD and NAFLD-HCC. Biomedicines, 10(3).
Tanaka, T., Narazaki, M., & Kishimoto, T. (2014). IL-6 in inflammation, immunity, and disease. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol, 6(10), a016295.
Taniguchi, C. M., Emanuelli, B., & Kahn, C. R. (2006). Critical nodes in signalling pathways: insights into insulin action. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 7(2), 85-96.
Ter Horst, K. W., & Serlie, M. J. (2017). Fructose Consumption, Lipogenesis, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Nutrients, 9(9), 981.
Tsai, H. Y., Shih, Y. Y., Yeh, Y. T., Huang, C. H., Liao, C. A., Hu, C. Y., Nagabhushanam, K., Ho, C. T., & Chen, Y. K. (2022). Pterostilbene and Its derivative 3'-hydroxypterostilbene ameliorated nonalcoholic fatty liver disease through synergistic modulation of the gut microbiota and SIRT1/AMPK signaling pathway.Journal of agricultural and food chemistry,70(16), 4966–4980.
Tropini, C., Earle, K. A., Huang, K. C., & Sonnenburg, J. L. (2017). The Gut Microbiome: Connecting spatial organization to function. Cell host & microbe, 21(4), 433-442.
Tucureanu, M. M., Rebleanu, D., Constantinescu, C. A., Deleanu, M., Voicu, G., Butoi, E., Calin, M., & Manduteanu, I. (2017). Lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in monocytes/macrophages is blocked by liposomal delivery of G(i)-protein inhibitor. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 13, 63-76.
Vaishnava, S., Yamamoto, M., Severson, K. M., Ruhn, K. A., Yu, X., Koren, O., Ley, R., Wakeland, E. K., & Hooper, L. V. (2011). The antibacterial lectin RegIIIgamma promotes the spatial segregation of microbiota and host in the intestine. Science (New York, N.Y.), 334(6053), 255-258.
Wahba, I. M., & Mak, R. H. (2007). Obesity and obesity-initiated metabolic syndrome: mechanistic links to chronic kidney disease. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 2(3), 550-562.
Wallace, T. C., Guarner, F., Madsen, K., Cabana, M. D., Gibson, G., Hentges, E., & Sanders, M. E. (2011). Human gut microbiota and its relationship to health and disease. Nutrition Reviews, 69(7), 392-403.
Wang, P., Gao, J., Ke, W., Wang, J., Li, D., Liu, R., Jia, Y., Wang, X., Chen, X., Chen, F., & Hu, X. (2020). Resveratrol reduces obesity in high-fat diet-fed mice via modulating the composition and metabolic function of the gut microbiota. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 156, 83-98.
Wang, P., Ma, Y., Wang, D., Zhao, W., Hu, X., Chen, F., & Zhao, X. (2022). Protective Effects of dietary resveratrol against chronic low-grade inflammation Mediated through the Gut Microbiota in High-Fat Diet Mice. Nutrients, 14(10).
Wang, P., Wang, J., Li, D., Ke, W., Chen, F., & Hu, X. (2020). Targeting the gut microbiota with resveratrol: a demonstration of novel evidence for the management of hepatic steatosis. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 81, 108363.
Wang, X., & Quinn, P. (2010). Endotoxins: Lipopolysaccharides of gram-negative bacteria. in X. Wang & P. J. Quinn (Eds.), Endotoxins: Structure, Function and Recognition (pp. 3-25). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.
Wilcox, G. (2005). Insulin and insulin resistance. The Clinical Biochemist. Reviews, 26(2), 19-39.
The Wilde Medal and Lecture of the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society. (1901). British Medical Journal, 1(2104), 1027-1028.
Yang, M., Khoukaz, L., Qi, X., Kimchi, E. T., Staveley-O'Carroll, K. F., & Li, G. (2021). Diet and gut microbiota interaction-derived metabolites and intrahepatic immune response in NAFLD development and treatment. Biomedicines, 9(12), 1893.
Yermak, I. M., Volod'ko, A. V., Khasina, E. I., Davydova, V. N., Chusovitin, E. A., Goroshko, D. L., Kravchenko, A. O., Solov'eva, T. F., & Maleev, V. V. (2020). Inhibitory effects of carrageenans on endotoxin-induced inflammation. Marine Drugs, 18(5).
Yin, X., Liao, W., Li, Q., Zhang, H., Liu, Z., Zheng, X., Zheng, L.,Feng, X. (2020). Interactions between resveratrol and gut microbiota affect the development of hepatic steatosis: A fecal microbiota transplantation study in high-fat diet mice. Journal of Functional Foods, 67, 103883.
Younossi, Z., Tacke, F., Arrese, M., Chander Sharma, B., Mostafa, I., Bugianesi, E., Wai-Sun Wong, V., Yilmaz, Y., George, J., Fan, J., & Vos, M. B. (2019). Global perspectives on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatology, 69(6), 2672-2682.
Zarghi, A., & Arfaei, S. (2011). Selective COX-2 Inhibitors: A rview of their structure-activity relationships. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 10(4), 655-683.
Zhang, F., Cui, B., He, X., Nie, Y., Wu, K., Fan, D., & Group, F. M.-s. S. (2018). Microbiota transplantation: concept, methodology and strategy for its modernization. Protein & cell, 9(5), 462-473.
Zhou, L., Xiao, X., Zhang, Q., Zheng, J., & Deng, M. (2019). Deciphering the Anti-obesity Benefits of Resveratrol: The "Gut Microbiota-Adipose Tissue" Axis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 10, 413.