為瞭解發電機引擎使用傳統石化柴油(Fossil diesel，以 D100 表示)中添加丙酮(acetone，以 A 表示)/含水丙酮(water-containing acetone，以 A' 表示)，異丙醇(isopropyl alcohol，以 I 表示)或丁醇(butanol，以 B 表示) /含水丁醇(water-containing butanol，以 B' 表示)及廢食用油轉製之生質柴油(waste cooking oil-based biodiesel，以 W 表示)之混合油品時排氣粒狀物(particulate matter, 簡稱 PM )上金屬特性，本研究探討發電機引擎在1.5 kW及3.0 kW兩負載下，使用D50W20B30(以B30表示)、D50W20B'30 (以B'30表示)、D76W20A3I1 (以A3表示)、D76W20A'3I1 (以A'3表示)、D46W20B30A3I1 (以B30A3表示)及D46W20B'30A'3I1 (以B'30A'3表示) 等各混合生質柴油時對排氣 PM 上金屬之影響。研究結果顯示：與W20相較，兩負載下使用之W20中添加B30、A3及B30A3等各油品時，排氣PM濃度均有減量。而與B30、A3及B30A3相較，使用之W20中添加含水之B'30、A'3及B'30A'3等各油品時，排氣PM濃度之削減率均有進一步增加；無論添加於W20之丁醇/丙酮是否含水，與A3/ A'3相較，兩負載下使用 B30/B'30及B30A3/B'30A'3時排氣PM濃度均較低。與W20相較，兩負載下使用B30、B'30、A3、A'3、B30A3 及 B'30A'3時其排氣PM上Metals濃度均降低。兩負載下發電機引擎使用B30、B'30、A3、A'3、B30A3 及 B'30A'3等各油品時其排氣PM上之主要金屬為Na、Mg、Al、K、Ca、Fe及Zn等，排氣PM上21種金屬濃度和(即Metals)中約97 %是由此7種主要金屬所貢獻，其餘14種次要金屬則以 Sn、Cr、Cu、Mn、Pb 及 Ni 為主。本研究結果顯示:使用添加含水丁醇或含水丙酮之廢食用油生質柴油除可做為發電機引擎之替代燃料外，亦可減少引擎PM上金屬排放，此未來將有助於含水丁醇及含水丙酮之回收與再利用。

This study examines the emission properties of particle-bound metals from a diesel engine generator fueled with traditional fossil diesel (D100) with the addition of butanol (B), hydrous butanol (B′), acetone (A), hydrous acetone (A′), isopropyl alcohol (I) or waste cooking oil-based biodiesel (W). The fuel blends were B30W20D50 (abbrev. B30), B′30W20D50 (as B′30), A3I1W20D76 (as A3), A′3I1W20D76 (as A′3), B30A3I1W20D46 (as B30A3) and B′30A′3I1W20D46 (as B′30A′3) tested at 1.5 kW and 3.0 kW loads of the diesel engine generator. Experimental results indicate that adding B30, A3 or B30A3 reduces the PM mass concentration in the exhaust at both engine loads, in comparison with using only W20. Additionally, the PM emission concentrations are lower using B′30, A′3 and B′30A′3 than using B30, A3 and B30A3, respectively; in other words, replacing pure butanol/acetone with hydrated butanol/acetone in the blends further reduces the PM emission concentrations. However, B30 or B30A3 is more effective than A3 in reducing the PM emissions, irrespective of the water content in fuel blends. Conversely, using B30, B′30, A3, A′3, B30A3 or B′30A′3 reduces the metal contents in PM emissions at both engine loads compared with using W20. The major metal components in PM are Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Fe and Zn, accounting for about 97 wt.% of overall 21 metals. The remaining analyzed metals were dominated by Sn, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb and Ni. Accordingly, adding biodiesel from waste cooking oil, and hydrous butanol/acetone, to diesel fuel for diesel engine generators reduces levels of PM and particle-bound metals. The waste hydrous butanol/acetone can be used for the recycling purpose in this process.

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