健身運動與肥胖兒童認知功能：文獻回顧與未來展望

Exercise and cognitive function in childhood obesity: Overview of past research and future prospects

謝漱石(Shu-Shih Hsieh) ； 洪聰敏(Tsung-Ming Hung)

《臺灣運動心理學報》 16卷2期 (2016/11) Pp. 41-56

https://doi.org/10.6497/BSEPT2016.1602.03

摘要

兒童肥胖已成為一個值得重視的公衛議題，近期研究亦指出肥胖對於兒童階段的認知功能發展有著負面影響，而研究發現健身運動能改善肥胖對於兒童認知功能發展的負面影響。本綜評文章旨在透過相關研究之整理提供有關此議題的研究現況並提供未來建議。經過文獻統整後，本文獲致以下結果：(一)肥胖可能引起促發炎細胞激素的分泌，造成中樞發炎及胰島素阻抗，進而對兒童的認知功能產生負面影響，影響範圍涉及高階認知功能、神經訊息處理以及大腦白質完整性；(二)有氧運動訓練或具有認知挑戰性質的知覺-動作訓練能有效地提升過重兒童的認知功能與發展，可能的機制為健身運動能減少促發炎細胞激素的分泌以及改善胰島素阻抗。截至目前，此議題之研究數量較少且仍有許多限制，本文所提出之建議可供未來研究參考。

關鍵字

健身運動 ； 兒童肥胖 ； 執行功能 ； 白質完整性

並列摘要

Childhood obesity has become a public health issue worthy special attention. Recent studies have indicated negative effects of obesity on cognitive development in children. Fortunately, convergent evidences have revealed that exercise may ameliorate the negative impacts of obesity on childhood cognitive development. The purposes of current review were to firstly provide an overview regarding the effects of exercise on cognitive function in childhood obesity, and secondly provide directions for future works. Review of past studies found that: (a) obesity negatively affects cognitive function and development (i.e., high-order cognition, neural processing, and white matter integrity) in children via central inflammation and/or insulin resistance induced by the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines; (b) aerobic exercise training or perceptual-motor training benefits cognitive function and development in overweight children possibly via decreased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and/or ameliorated insulin resistance. In light of the relatively small number of research and methodological constraints in past studies, authors provided some directions for future work that will increase our understanding of exercise and cognitive function in obese/overweight children.

並列關鍵字

exercise ； childhood obesity ； executive function ； white matter integrit

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