烏溪出海口河床裸露地之揚塵災害分析及抑制工法有效性評估

Analysis of Fugitive Dust Emissions from the Bare Lands of Wu-River and Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Control Measures

林德貴(Der-Guey Lin) ； 劉昱麟(Yu-Lin Liu) ； 王勝賢(Sheng-Hsien Wang) ； 劉文宗(Wen-Tsung Liu)

《中國土木水利工程學刊》 24卷2期 (2012/06) Pp. 147-156

https://doi.org/10.6652/JoCICHE.201206_24(2).0005

摘要

本研究選定烏溪下游河段作為研究區域並採用揚塵模式（Fugitive Dust Model，以下簡稱FDM）來進行烏溪河床裸露地揚塵之擴散行為數值模擬。彙整研究區域之地文參數與氣象資料，並依據室內風洞實驗所得之揚塵量與風速關係曲線，吾人可進行烏溪河床裸露地之揚塵擴散趨勢模擬，並使用ArcGIS地理資訊系統平台做為後處理程式，再與空氣品質測站之觀測資料進行比對，以驗證模式及輸入參數之事宜性。另外，依據模擬成果，吾人可評估各河段裸露地對揚塵災害敏感區之揚塵貢獻量以及揚塵排放率對揚塵擴散行為之影響。由分析結果得知，當河段與風向呈現正交情況時，下風處之揚塵PM10濃度（簡稱揚塵濃度或PM10濃度）會明顯較高。而在特定條件下，當揚塵排放率提高時，揚塵濃度將呈現大幅提升。本研究所得之河床揚塵潛勢模擬成果，可提供河川揚塵防治策略擬定及抑制工法配置之參考。

關鍵字

揚塵模式 ； 風洞實驗 ； 揚塵災害敏感區 ； 揚塵PM10濃度 ； 揚塵排放率 ； 揚塵抑制工法

並列摘要

This paper selected the downstream reach of Wu River as a study area and performed a numerical simulation on the dispersion behavior of fugitive dust released from the bare lands of riverbed using an air quality model (Fugitive Dust Model, FDM). Integrating the topographic information and meteorological data with the relationship curve between fugitive dust emission rate and wind velocity from the laboratory wind tunnel tests, one can simulate the dispersion potential of fugitive dust of Wu River. Meanwhile, the distribution of annual average PM10 concentration of simulations which processed by the geographic information system ArcGIS were compared with those of observations to verify the suitability of the numerical model and the associated input model parameters. In addition, according to the simulation results, one can evaluate the fugitive dust contributions from the bare lands of different reaches at downstream to the nearby sensitive areas or communities and the influence of the emission rate on the dispersion behavior of fugitive dust. The numerical results also indicated that the fugitive dust concentration at leeward will turn into higher when the wind direction is perpendicular to the downstream reach and the concentration will greatly ascend with the increasing emission rate. At last, the simulation results of the fugitive dust potential of riverbed can be implemented as a reference to the planning of preventive strategy and the configuration of countermeasure for fugitive dust control.

並列關鍵字

Fugitive dust model ； FDM ； Wind tunnel test ； Regions susceptible to fugitive dust disaster ； Fugitive PM10 concentration ； Emission rate of fugitive dust ； Fugitive dust control measures