磚造建築結構耐震能力初步評估法

本文旨在研發磚構造建築結構耐震能力初步評估方法，以客觀、快速、具鑑別度之方法，供專業評估人員評判耐震性能等級。本磚造建築耐震能力初步評估法，以豎向承重磚構件的斷面積來決定評估層之抗側向力強度，以評估層以上之總重量來決定地震慣性力需求，再輔以調整因子綜合評判該磚造建築物是否有耐震疑慮。透過六棟磚造建築物結構基本資料，以統計方法訂出單位樓地板面積之重量、單位斷面積磚牆之抗側力強度等。最後以一棟實際案例，說明本法之操作方式，初步評估之結果與詳細評估相近。本初步評估法可快速篩選老舊磚造建築之耐震能力。

關鍵字

磚造建築；初步評估；調整因子；耐震指標；耐震評估

並列摘要

The study provides an objective, rapid, and discriminative preliminary assessment method of masonry buildings for practical engineers conducting seismic evaluation of the existing buildings. The study proposes the preliminary assessment method in accordance with static analysis theory of seismic design code of buildings. The static analysis theory is that lateral strength resistance (capacity) of a masonry building can be estimated by total cross-sectional area of vertical masonry elements. Seismic inertial force (demand) of a masonry building can be estimated by total weight of the floors above the evaluating floor of the building. The proposed seismic index is the ratio of seismic capacity to demand. Six modification factors are introduced to complement the seismic index for consideration of out-of-plane collapse, aging, and deterioration problems, etc. The major parameters of the proposed preliminary assessment method, such as unit weight of floor area, and lateral strength per unit cross sectional area of a masonry structural element, are determined by statistical regression from the building data of six existing masonry buildings in Taiwan. The six modification factors refer from the design and construction code of masonry structures in Taiwan. A masonry dormitory, as an example, demonstrates the evaluation process of the proposed preliminary assessment. The preliminary evaluation result is consistent with that of the detailed evaluation.