中國通史教學檢討與建議

The Examinations and Suggestions of Teaching General History of China

張元(Yuen Cheung)

《通識教育季刊》 6卷3期 (1999/09) Pp. 87-102

https://doi.org/10.6745/JGE.199909_6(3).0007

摘要

中國通史是一門講授歷史知識的課程，應以提升學生理解過去的能力為目標，而不是煥發民族精神或培養愛國情操等實用的目的。課堂教學應以學生為學習主體，教師從旁引導，課程內容應以「解釋」為主，「事實」只是解釋原因與意義時的例證。在選擇教材時不妨多選一些動聽的故事，並用討論的方式要學生思考故事的含義。補充資料若選取得當，學生受益必多，教科書則意義不大，可以不用。至於教學方法，特別建議採用「談話」的方法，將全班學生均納入教學過程之中。教師講的每一堂課就是一次「演出」，惟有充分率備，方能得到學生心中的掌聲。
本人的實際教學取得一定的成效，也摘錄了一些學生所寫的感覺作為說明。

關鍵字

歷史知識 ； 歷史解釋 ； 閱讀資料 ； 談話法

並列摘要

General History of China is the course lectured on history knowledge. The goal is to promote students' ability to understand history, not the practical purpose of arousing the ethos or cultivating the nationalism. In class, students play the main role of learning, and the teacher helps and instructs students from the side. ”Explanation” is the principal of the course contents, and ”fact” is just the example to explain the causes and meanings of the history. For the teaching materials, it is better to choose active and moving stories. Students can figure out the meanings and implications of stories by discussing with each other. Students will learn a lot if the teaching supplementary materials are perfectly chosen. Textbooks are not important and are not necessarily used. In addition, for the teaching method, Ⅰ suggest, in particular, to adopt the method of conversation-all the students are brought into the teaching process. Each course is one ”performance”. As long as the teacher prepares well for the teaching, he can win students' hearts.
My practical teaching experience comes into effect. Ⅰ excerpt from some reflections written by students to explain myself.

並列關鍵字

History knowledge ； History explanation ； Reading materials ； the method of conversation