“自我教導策略”教學對國小中度智能障礙學生的工作態度與習慣之成效

The Effects of the Instruction of the Self-Instruction Strategy on the Work Behaviors of Elementary-School-Students with Moderate Mental Retardation

徐惠玲(Hui-Lin Hsu) ； 何美慧(Mei-Hwei Ho)

《特殊教育學報》 22期 (2005/12) Pp. 35-65

https://doi.org/10.6768/JSE.200512.0035

摘要

本研究針對國小階段的智能障礙學生教導自我教導策略，旨在探討在他們的工作態度與工作習慣上所產生的教學成效。研究採單一受試研究法之多探試跨受試設計，研究對象為三名國小特教班的中度智能障礙學生。研究所蒐集資料主要為學生的工作主動性與守時習慣，也附帶蒐集學生習得自我教導策略的情形與工作效率；蒐集的情境包括教學目標活動與類化活動，皆為學生的日常生活活動。在教學實驗的三個階段（即，基線期、教學期與保留期）所得各項研究資料，以目視法及C統計考驗加以分析。本研究有如下的發現：
1．經過自我教導策略教學，三名學生皆習得自我教導策略，包括使用自我教導策略的情形與使用的品質皆逐漸提升。
2．經過自我教導策略教學，三名學生的主動工作態度與守時工作習慣皆有明顯改善。
3．上述教學成效（即自我教導策略使用、自我教導策略使用品質、主動工作態度與守時工作習慣等的改善），都得到保留與類化。
4．自我教導策略教學期間，三名學生的工作效率也有明顯提高現象。

關鍵字

中度智能障礙學生 ； 自我教導策略教學 ； 工作態度與習慣

並列摘要

The study investigated how well the instruction of the self-instruction strategy could improve the work behaviors of students with moderate mental retardation. A multiple-probe across subject design was used. Three phases (baseline, treatment, and maintenance phases) were included. The study involved three participants, aged from 10 to 11. They all had moderate mental retardation and were enrolled in the self-contained special class of an elementary school. In both the instruction situation (i.e., the instruction-target work) and the generalization situation (i.e., the generalization work) data were gathered mainly for their work behaviors, including being self-initiated and being on-time. Data for their work performance (i.e., work efficiency) were also collected. The techniques of the visual inspection and the C statistic test were applied to the data analysis. Positive outcomes were found from the study, detailed as below:
1. All the three students acquired the self-instruction strategy in terms of the usage of the strategy and its quality. They also applied the learned strategy to their generalization work.
2. All the three students gained benefits from the self-instruction strategy, shown by the significant improvement of their work behaviors. That means, they became more self-initiated and finished work on time more often. Meanwhile, their work performance were also improved; that is, they worked more efficiently.

並列關鍵字

moderate mental retardation ； self-instruction strategy ； work behavior

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