聚四氟乙烯濾布在有機廢棄物處置上之應用性研究

Study on the Applicability of Polytetrafluoroethylene Filter Cloth for Disposing Organic Waste

陳金德(Chin-Te Chen)

指導教授 ： 吳吉輝

中原大學/理學院/化學系/碩士(2006年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200600136

摘要

本研究之基礎架構，係以「模擬生物污物處理機台設計」與「生物污物覆蓋材料設計」為實驗主軸，經過一系列分析與測試後，找出最合適的設計方式，再將兩者結合，進行生物污物堆肥化處理模擬實驗，由實驗結果探討最佳生物污物堆肥化處理機台之設計。
在模擬生物污物處理機台之設計，基於好氧性醱酵原理以及氣體流動。於生物污物覆蓋材料設計方面，分為兩部分進行探討，於第一部份，其材料採用聚四氟乙烯膜(Polytetrafluoroethylene，簡稱PTFE)與聚酯平紋布共同貼合的膜布；第二部份，因考量聚酯本身在耐酸鹼及耐候度方面較差，因此，將貼合布全部或部分改用聚四氟乙烯絲(PTFE weaving yarn)編織之濾布(filter-cloth)取代，經過一連串測試後，選擇最佳的濾布與多孔性PTFE膜結合。
於生物污物堆肥化處理模擬實驗部份，採用果皮作為醱酵原料，將原料重量控制在2.5Kg左右，先利用第一部份材料進行空白測試，將環境設定在無氣流狀態，經由測試結果發現，實驗進行第三天(72hrs)後，溫度與含氧量降低，溼度升高，且反應趨於平緩。經由實驗發現，保持空氣流通對於醱酵過程具有幫助。當實驗的風速固定在0.5cm/sec的狀態下進行實驗，同時比較第一部份與第二部份材料，結果發現以第二部份材料為較佳的覆蓋材料。
經由實驗結果探討最佳生物污物堆肥化處理機台之設計，在機台部分有下列兩點需要改進：(1)將氣流裝置由送風方式改成抽風方式，或是加強風力；(2)於機台內部可藉由加裝攪拌裝置或是改變設備外形，促使其醱酵均勻，以增加醱酵速率。

關鍵字

編織 ； 澄清過濾 ； 好氧性醱酵 ； 聚四氟乙烯 ； 濾布

並列摘要

“To design a simulating machine for disposing biologic waste” and “to design certain material for covering biologic waste” are the two main tasks of the experiment. After finding out the two optimal designs by a series of analysis and test, the two designs are combined to be used for conducting a simulating experiment for biologic waste composting. The results of the experiment are adopted to discuss the optimal design of the machine for biologic waste composting. The basic frame of this study is mentioned as above.

“To design a simulating machine for disposing biologic waste” is based on the principles of aerobic fermention and airflow. “To design certain material for covering biologic waste” can be divided into two parts for discussion. The first part is that its material are combined with PTFE(Polytetrafluoroethylene) film and polyester plain weave cloth; the second part is that because the polyester pain weave cloth can’t resist acid or alkali, all or portion of said cloth is changed into the filter cloth weaved with PTFE weaving yarn. After a series test, choose an optimal filter cloth to combine with porous PTFE.

In the simulating experiment for biologic waste composting, fruit peel is adopted as fermentation material and maintain its weight about 2.5 kilograms. The material obtained from said first part is used in the blank test under an environment without airflow. After 72 hours, the temperature and oxygen concentration become decrease, the humidity increasing, and the reaction slower. The experiment results show that to keep airflow well is helpful for stimulating fermentation. Another experiment is conducted with speed of airflow fixed at 0.5 cm/sec to compare these two types of material obtained from said two parts. The results show that the material obtained from said second part is an optimal one for covering biologic waste.

After a series of experiments for discussing the optimal design of the machine for biologic waste composting, there are two points needed to improve, which are: (1) the airflow device changes from wind blow to wind suction or enhances its wind power; (2) the machine can make the fermentation of biologic waste uniform to increase the rate of fermentation by adding an agitator inside or change the external form of machine.

並列關鍵字

Clarification ； Polytetrafluoroethylene ； Filter Cloth ； Weaving ； Aerobic Fermentation

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