應用模糊控制於剛性攻牙切削之轉速調整

電腦數值控制(CNC)工具機已普遍應用在產品零組件加工許多年，其加工參數(如主軸轉速)，通常是CNC工具機操作人員或工件設計工程師透過使用電腦輔助設計與製造(CAD/CAM)軟體進行設定，或由諸多加工結果統計的數據庫得到參數設定規則；因此，缺乏切削加工經驗的作業人員往往不能順利操作CNC工具機以縮短加工時間並維持切削精度與刀具完整性。本研究利用模糊控制開發一種調整主軸轉速的方法，它運用切削扭矩命令的設定，透過本研究設計之模糊系統，讓主軸馬達轉速可以適當地調整，使缺乏切削加工經驗的作業人員亦能順利操作CNC工具機進行剛性攻牙切削作業且維持刀具完整性。在本研究中利用差動放大器自製訊號處理電路，是為避免實驗中因設備接線繁雜而受到訊號的相互干擾，實驗結果確實能抑制雜訊。根據本研究之CNC工具機剛性攻牙切削實驗提供之結果，最大切削扭矩誤差比例約2.43%，證明本研究方法為可行。

關鍵字

模糊控制；剛性攻牙；轉速調整

並列摘要

Computer numerical control (CNC) machine tools have been widely applied to the manufacturing of mechanical parts since many years; machining parameters such as spindle speed and feedrate are usually set by the operators of CNC machine tools, by part designers through the use of CAD/CAM software, or by using the design rules obtained from the statistic database of machining. Therefore, operators who lack machining experience usually cannot operate CNC machine tools to shorten the machining time and to maintain machining accuracy and cutting tool integrity. This study therefore developed a method for adjusting spindle speed using fuzzy control. The developed adjustment method refers to the settings of the cutting torque command and the fuzzy rules designed in this study and consequently adjusts the spindle speed adequately; then, less experienced operators can successfully and efficiently operate CNC machine tools during rigid tapping processes. To reduce the adverse effects of measurement noises generated from a complicated connection of devices, this study further developed a signal conditioner using a differential amplifier; experimental results demonstrate that the developed signal conditioner can significantly reduce the adverse effects of measurement noises. According to the results of machining carried out on a CNC tapping machine, a rate of torque error of 2.43% is achieved; thus, the machining results validate the proposed method for spindle speed adjustment.

並列關鍵字

fuzzy control ； rigid tapping ； spindle speed adjustment

參考文獻

[19] 黃俊都，智慧型控制應用於可調式混成形狀記憶材料之結構減振，碩士論文，國立台北科技大學機電整合研究所，台北，2012。

[20] 蘇文祥，以端銑刀進行鑽孔切削之切削力矩估測，碩士論文，國立台北科技大學機電整合研究所，台北，2012。

[23] 數格科技股份有限公司，http://www.cells.com.tw/。

[1] Shuaib, A.R.N.; Garcia-Gardea, E.; Wu, S.M. “Dynamic analysis of milling machine by torque signals,” Journal of engineering for industry, vol. 103, no. 2, pp. 235-240, May 1981.

[2] Bertok, P.; Takata, S.; Matsushima, K.; Ootsuka, J.; Sata, T. “A system for monitoring the machining operation by referring to a predicted cutting torque pattern,” CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 439-444, 1983.

國際替代計量

應用模糊控制於剛性攻牙切削之轉速調整

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