The optical phenomena of wood surface are studied by using polarized light measurement technology. The three kinds of wood samples (pine, spruce, aspen) are used to measure in two-dimensional and three-dimensional measurement systems. The light sources of measurement system are red, green, and blue lasers. In order to adjust the light sources, the light beam goes through a wave plane, a polarizer, a space filter, and a beam expander. The four stepper motors are used to control the position of samples in three-dimensional directions. In this study, we observe and analyze the images of scattered light from wood surface by changing incident angles, reflecting angles, and rotating angles. The optical properties of wood surface can be used to distinguish the varieties of wood.