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研究生: 周睿婷
論文名稱: 六至十歲兒童之可預測圖畫書華語教學設計研究
A Study of Predictable Books Instructional Design: Teaching Chinese as a Second Language for Age 6 to 10
指導教授: 曾金金
Tseng, Chin-Chin
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 華語文教學系
Department of Chinese as a Second Language
論文出版年: 2012
畢業學年度: 100
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 184
中文關鍵詞: 兒童華語教學教學設計圖畫書教學可預測圖畫書
英文關鍵詞: predictable picture books, hinese as a second language, second language teachinging for children age 6 to 10, instructional design
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:228下載:44
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  • 本研究採取內容分析及行動研究法,旨在運用可預測圖畫書特殊的書寫形式及豐富多元的特質,結合提倡將語言視為有意義的整體教學之全語言教學觀,以及藉由師生共讀學習語言的分享閱讀概念,發展出適合兒童華語教學之教學方案。期能透過可預測圖畫書提供兒童表現與學習語言的機會,從而了解可預測圖畫書對兒童語言技能、學習興趣及學習成效的影響,進而對教師的教學省思與專業成長有所幫助。

    本研究以C大學開設之暑期兒童華語課程為樣本,包含A、B兩梯次的六至十歲學生,共計二十六人。研究者以理論探討為基礎,輔以研究者擔任導師之教學紀錄與觀察,提出可預測圖畫書之教學流程,並以實際教學記錄呈現可預測圖畫書教學情形及學生反應。根據教學實施結果,研究者亦以自身觀察及理論探討提出改進教學之具體建議,並針對教案加以修正。

    本研究主要發現如下:
    一、 研究者參考國內外研究,提出選擇可預測圖畫書的標準,適合兒童的可預測圖畫書應考量兒童年齡、語言程度及生活經驗等,也應考量圖畫書本身的版面編排、詞彙難易度及可預測性。

    二、 可預測圖畫書教學以學生為主體,透過教師與學生、學生與學生間的互動,學生於上課發言的頻率明顯提升、口語表達較流暢,課後也會將故事中的對話、角色應用於遊戲中,足見學生的口語表達能力及學習興趣都有所提升。教師根據學生特性設計的適性化教學活動亦符合學生的學習需求。

    三、 可預測圖畫書教學為一固定教學流程,於固定教學流程中亦可針對每一教學步驟的進行時間及教學活動等,視學生語言程度及反應加以彈性變化。研究者並提出固定教學架構、提問架構範例等供未來進行可預測圖畫書教學及研究者參考。

    The purpose of this thesis is to develop practical and effective instructional design of predictable books by applying the concepts of Whole Language and Shared Reading.
    The researcher took 6 to 10 years old students, a total of 26 people, at Chinese summer camp in University C as the research object. According to their mind and language development, the researcher selected two predictable books as teaching material, and a sample teaching process was designed, including guidelines for predictable book teaching, lesson plans, power point slides, student work sheets, and rubrics for assessment. The sample teaching process but with different lesson plan was then used to teach two different classes, A and B, and revised according to the theories and observation of teacher.
    The results of this study are summarized as below:
    1. This study purposes criteria of selecting predictable books for children learning Chinese. Ages, language proficiency, and life experiences of children should be considered, as well as print, illustrations, and predictability of predictable books.
    2. Teaching by Predictable books is children-centered. Through the interaction of teacher and students and among students themselves, the students are more willing to talk, and can speak more fluently. And they also use the characters of predictable books to call each other after class. It is obviously that predictable books can enhance the oral communication skills and interests of learning.
    3. The teaching process of predictable books can be both regular and flexible. It is a fixed framework with elastic content which could be changed by teachers. There are also a sample of teaching plan and questioning samples for future researchers referring to.

    目錄...................................................i 表目錄................................................iv 圖目錄.................................................v 第一章 緒論............................................1 第一節 研究背景........................................1 第二節 研究動機........................................2 第三節 研究問題與目的..................................2 第四節 名詞釋義........................................3 第二章 文獻探討........................................6 第一節 可預測圖畫書與語言教學相關研究..................6 一、可預測圖畫書應用於母語教學相關研究.................6 二、可預測圖畫書應用於外語教學相關研究.................8 第二節 兒童發展.......................................11 一、兒童語言發展......................................11 二、兒童認知發展......................................15 第三節 可預測圖畫書教學相關理論.......................17 一、分享閱讀..........................................17 二、全語言教學觀......................................21 三、兒童第二語言教學法................................26 四、課室經營與管理....................................31 第三章 研究方法.......................................34 第一節 研究方法及流程.................................34 第二節 研究參與者及研究環境現況.......................35 一、研究者角色........................................35 二、研究對象背景......................................36 三、兒童華語夏令營現況................................39 第三節 研究工具.......................................41 一、可預測圖畫書分類..................................41 二、可預測圖畫書選擇標準..............................44 第四章 可預測圖畫書教學活動設計.......................51 第一節 可預測圖畫書教學活動實施原則...................51 第二節 可預測圖畫書教學活動架構.......................53 第三節 使用教材分析...................................54 第四節 可預測圖畫書教學流程...........................57 一、導入..............................................59 二、教師閱讀故事......................................59 三、提問與討論........................................61 四、學生閱讀..........................................63 五、句型練習..........................................63 六、教學活動..........................................63 第五節 可預測圖畫書教學範例...........................65 第六節 教學資源.......................................70 一、教具..............................................70 二、投影片............................................71 三、學習單............................................72 第七節 教學評量.......................................73 一、學習評量..........................................73 二、教學評估..........................................76 第五章 可預測圖畫書實際教學...........................79 第一節 實際教學過程...................................79 一、教學背景..........................................79 二、教學過程..........................................79 三、學生反應..........................................86 第二節 評論及建議.....................................87 一、語言使用..........................................87 二、教學進行..........................................87 三、教學設計..........................................88 四、教學氣氛..........................................89 五、學習評量..........................................90 第三節 教學修改範例...................................90 第六章 結論..........................................122 第一節 研究結論......................................122 第二節 研究價值及應用................................125 第三節 研究限制及後續研究............................126 參考文獻.............................................129 中文部分.............................................129 英文部分.............................................132 網頁資源部分.........................................136 附錄.................................................137 附錄1. 美國外語測驗協會中文程度綱要..................137 附錄2. 可預測圖畫書文本..............................142 附錄3. 《請問一下,踩得到底嗎?》三層次提問設計......145 附錄4. 未經修改之A、B班可預測圖畫書教案..............147 附錄5. 六頁小書製作方法..............................153 附錄6. 未經修改之教學投影片..........................154 附錄7. 未經修改之學生學習單..........................160 附錄8. 未經修改之A班計分量表.........................166 附錄9. A,B班可預測圖畫書教學記錄.....................168 附錄10. 可預測圖畫書教學設計格式.....................183

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