背景 口腔癌位居台灣男性罹癌第四位,口腔癌術後會引發吞嚥障礙、嗆咳及吸入性肺炎等合併症,改善病人吞嚥功能成為一迫切的議題。目的 探討口腔照護方案對口腔癌術後病人吞嚥功能之成效。方法 採類實驗設計,以口腔癌術後病人為對象,實驗組(n = 20)執行口腔照護方案12週,對照組(n =20)接受一般照護;繼而比較兩組改良式鋇劑吞嚥(modified barium swallow)攝影結果,與病人自覺吞嚥困難程度,以檢視介入措施的成效。結果 接受口腔照護方案的口腔癌術後病人,其改良式鋇劑吞嚥攝影與自覺吞嚥困難改善之成效,皆比對照組佳(p < .001)。結論/實務應用 口腔照護方案能有效改善口腔癌術後病人吞嚥功能,期望此結果可供臨床醫護人員參酌,以提升照護品質。
Background: Oral cancer is the fourth leading cause of death among men in Taiwan. Dysphagia, choking, and aspiration pneumonia are often noted in post-operative patients with oral cancer. Improving patients' swallowing function is an urgent problem that cannot be neglected. Purpose: To investigate the effects of an oral care program on the swallowing function of post-operative patients with oral cancer. Methods: A quasi-experimental research design was conducted and post-operative patients with oral cancer were recruited. The experimental group (n = 20) received 12 weeks of the oral care program intervention, while the control group (n = 20) received standard post-operative care. The modified barium swallow (MBS) study and self-rated degree of dysphagia were compared between the two groups after the intervention period. Results: Post-intervention scores on the MBS test and for the self-rated degree of dysphagia were significantly better in the experimental group than in the control group (p < .001). Conclusions / Implications for Practice: Performing the oral care program was found to improve the swallowing function of post-operative patients with oral cancer. The results of the present study provide a reference for healthcare providers to improve quality of care.