Compact Service Activities of Farmers' Associations in Taiwan

台灣農會業務整體連環性之經營服務

劉清榕(Ching-Yung Liu)

《農業推廣學報》 16期 (1999/12) Pp. 45-65

https://doi.org/10.29788/RAES.199912.0003

摘要

本文係將台灣多目標功能農會在國家農業發展與農村繁榮中所提供之業務服務及角色任務作一簡要介紹，以供亞太地區其他國家參考。通常農民從事農業經營時常面臨技術、資金、產銷等問題，從農民觀點，上述三個問題是整體性的一體三面，所以農會業務經營即應有通盤整體考量，台灣農會即是基於此觀點而組成的－多目標功能的農民合作組織。把推廣、信用、供銷三部門業務作有計劃的整體配合，使之相輔相成。農民將所生產的產品交與農會辦理共同運銷，獲得較高的售價，農會供應優良品質及較低售價供應農民生產和生活必需物質，增加農民收入的儲蓄。農會可吸收會員存款並利用會員部份存款作為營運資金，辦理供銷業務。現代化農業需要更多資本投資，信用部可提供適時性，合理的利率之充分資金，購買各種生產資材，從事生產。農會利用供銷及信用部門盈餘提撥，辦理推廣工作，推廣員深入農村介紹農民新的優良品種，指導農民新知，其結果使農民收入增加，不但將有更多的資金用於再投資，並使其對農會的信心增強，提高其參與農會信用供銷業務的興趣。概言之，台灣農會之推廣供銷信用業務可說三位一體，相互支援，加強農業推廣服務工作，可增強農民對農會的信心，農民對農會信心增強後，即會安心存款於農會信用部；農會可運用存款作為貸放資金及發展供銷業務資金，增強服務會員。農會將經營供銷信用業務所獲盈餘提撥，擴大推廣業務，協助會員，使其對農會信心更趨堅強，三部門業務相輔相成，一方面增加農民利益，更可促進農會業務繁榮。

關鍵字

農會 ； 農民合作 ； 多目標服務

並列摘要

This paper provided a brief account of the relation between farmers' and agricultural development. It also assessed the accumulated experience of Taiwan with reference to other countries. Farmers' association in Taiwan is a multipurpose cooperation and is designed to help members to solve their technical, financial and business problems. The performance of agricultural extension, farm credit, supply and marketing service in a coordinated way has been considered as the most effective solution. The various services performed by farmers association influence one another and cannot be separated, because they are interdependent. The products turned out by farmers are marketed cooperatively through the farmers' association. At the some time cooperative purchasing of farming materials and daily necessities is also an important activity of the farmers' association. Use the members' deposits as operating funds for cooperative transaction results in cheap buying and higher selling. Modern agriculture needs capital investment. The credit service extended by the farmers' association provides their members with sufficient and timely loans at reasonable interest rates. The extension programs of the farmers' association are related to all phases of the activities of the rural people. Using the net profit of cooperative transactions and credit activities of the farmers' association, the extension workers of the association impart knowledge and better farming and a share of the profit could be accumulated for reinvestment. Members' confidence in the farmers' association is strengthened accordingly. We can summarized the situations as follows. (1) enforcement of extension service to gain the members' confidence in order to expand deposits. (2) making use of deposited money to develop supply, marketing and rural credit services for increasing the business income of the association. (3) using the profits earned form purchasing, marketing and credit activities to expand extension service and build up the members' confidence in the association. Thus the three groups of services have been made interdependent upon each other.

並列關鍵字

Farmers' association ； farmers' cooperatives ； Multipurpose servlces