泥岩地區保育植物耐旱特性之研究

Characteristics of Drought Response for Conservation Plants in Mudstone Areas

林昭遠(Chao-Yuan Lin) ； 林文賜(Wen-Si Lin)

《中華水土保持學報》 30卷1期 (1999/03) Pp. 59-64

https://doi.org/10.29417/JCSWC.199903_30(1).0006

摘要

泥岩爲水土保持問題土質之一，台灣西南部泥岩地區一年長達5～6個月的旱季。爲植物生長之主要逆境。本研究係由現場植生調査配合盆栽斷水試驗，探討供試植物之耐旱特性，俾供泥岩邊坡植生復育之參考。所得結果摘述如下：斷水過程植物光合效率之變化，可顯示植物對乾旱之反應；供試植物在缺水時，光合效率之下降率以鹽地鼠尾粟、白茅、舖地黍及百慕達草等植物較慢，顯示在土壤水分含量減少時，上述草種會調整植體對水分之需求，以適應乾旱逆境。耐旱植物在乾旱逆境中除可調整對水分之需求外，重新獲水後若具有萌芽能力亦爲耐旱之重要機制。供試植物中，獲水萌芽率以白茅、舖地黍及百慕達草之67%萌芽率較高，孟仁草及鹽地鼠尾粟之萌芽率則介於17%〜50%之間，其他如煙火苔，海雀稗，冬青菊等則完全不萌芽。耐旱試驗結果顯示，鹽地鼠尾粟，舖地黍及百慕達草等，可做爲泥岩邊坡之先驅復育植物。

關鍵字

泥岩 ； 耐旱植物 ； 光合效率

並列摘要

Mudstone is one of the more problematic soils for soil and water conservation in Taiwan. The purpose of this study is to screen the suitable plants for restoration of mudstone areas by plant investigation and pot experiment. It is expected that this research can provide restoration guide for mudstone areas. The results obtained are summarized as follows: The southwest mudstone areas have a serious water deficit during the winter, with the five to six months of dry season in a year being the main environmental stress on plant growth. During the water withholding process, the photosynthesis efficiency of tested plants can reflect the response of plants in drought. Sporobolus virginicus (L.) Kunth., Imperata cylindrics (L.) P. Beauv. var. major (Nees) C. E. Hubbard, Penicum repens L. and Cynodon daetylon (L.) Pers show much slower declines of photosynthesis efficiency in these experiments, revealing that as soil moisture decreases, the plants mentionsd above can adjust their metabolic water requirements to adapt to drought. In addition to adjusting the water requirement during drought stress, it is also an important mechanism for drought-resistance plants to sprout after getting water again. Among the tested plants, the sprout rates of Imperate cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv. var. major (Nees) C. E. Hubbard, Penicum repens L. and Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Were all 67%, while those of Chloris barbata Swartz and SporoboJus virginieus (L.) Kunth were between 17% and 50%. Other plants such as Carex cruciata wahl., Paspalum vaginatum Swartz, and Pluchea indica (L.) Less. do not sprout. From these drought-resistance experiments, it is determined that Sporoholus virginieus (L.) Kunth., Panicum repens L., and Cynodon daetylin (L.) Pers. can be used as pioneer plants for vegetative reclamation in the denuded mudstone areas.

並列關鍵字

mudstone ； drought enduring plants ； photosynthesis efficiency