日治時期臺灣廣播工業與收音機市場的形成（1928-1945）

The Formation of Broadcasting Enterprise and Radio Market in Taiwan during the Japanese Colonial Era, 1928-1945

呂紹理(Shao-Li Lu)

《國立政治大學歷史學報》 19期 (2002/05) Pp. 297-334

摘要

日治時期臺灣廣播事業的歷史，過去已有一些研究成果。本文將藉著新出版的日治時期廣播史料，更為周全地勾勒廣播事業在組織、經費、人事等方面的架構。廣播事業的發展不能離開收聽戶與收音機這兩項因子，因此本文希望同時檢討臺灣收音機工業的發展與市場特性。本文主要的結論，乃在點出臺灣廣播節目的製作必須成為殖民政府同化政策的宣傳工具，因而無法擺脫政治力的干預，有限的臺語節目阻斷了一般臺人親近擁有這項現代生活利器欲望。檢視收音機用戶的資料，可發現商人一直是使用此項工具的最佳消費者，而使用者的地域分佈則呈顯出軟硬體建設、甚至收音機的製造與分類，都呈顯高度資本與技術的集中性，同時也形成由殖民政府高度壟斷的特徵。

關鍵字

廣播史 ； 廣播工業 ； 收音機 ； 臺灣放送協會 ； 日治時期臺灣史

並列摘要

In the past decade, there has been a fruitful result on the theme of the history of Taiwan broadcasting enterprise during the Japanese colonial era. In this article, the author will use the newly published documents to explore more thoroughly contour about the Taiwan Broadcasting Association (TBA in abbreviation), including their organizational structure, financial conditions and personnel character. The listener and radio receiver are the other two important factors that cannot be deviated from the broadcasting enterprise. Our first major finding is that the Japanese proper and the colonial government alike, at the very beginning, recognized that the radio waves were scarce resources and should be monopolized by government. This monopolization characters were also reflect on the program fabrication. In order to fit the official propaganda, assimilation was the main theme in the program. The restriction on using the Taiwanese language also obstructs the opportunity for Taiwanese to intimate this modern instrument. The ever-extending high price on radio receivers led the market to be urban-merchant bias, especially in Northern Taiwan. Focusing on the Taiwanese audience, the radio market polarized between the most par and the highest price, which also hedge about developing the of radio market through commercialization and gave chance for the TBA to monopolize the countryside market. During the Japanese colonial era, the possession and distribution of radio waves, the construction of broadcasting enterprise, and the even on the production and marketing on the radio receivers, the colonial government appropriated every facet of the broadcasting resources. The state-monopolization was, by and large, the basic characteristic of Taiwan broadcasting history in its initial stage.

並列關鍵字

History of broadcasting ； Broadcasting enterprise ； Radio receiver ； Taiwan Broadcasting Association ； History of Taiwan in the Japanese Colonial era

參考文獻

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